The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of baclofen, a γ-aminobutyric acid type B (GABAB) receptor agonist, injected into the nucleus of the solitary tract, on the Hering-Breuer inspiratory-inhibitory (Ti-inhibitory) and deflation reflexes in urethan-anesthetized adult Wistar rats ( n = 7). The Ti-inhibitory reflex was estimated from changes in peak amplitude of the integrated diaph...

Translation invariant (TI) single wavelet de-noising was developed by Coifman and Donoho and they show that TI is better than non-TI single wavelet de-noising. On the other hand, Strela et al. have found that non-TI multiwavelet de-noising gives better results than non-TI single wavelets. In this paper we extend Coifman and Donoho's TI single wavelet de-noising scheme to multiwavelets. Experime...

Because of its excellent biocompatibility and low allergenicity, titanium has been widely used for bone replacement and tissue engineering. To produce a desirable composite with enhanced bone response and mechanical strength, in this study bioactive calcium phosphate (CaP) and gelatin composites were coated onto titanium (Ti) via a novel urease technique. The cellular responses to the CaP/gelat...

Calixarene-Ti complexes were grafted onto SiO2 (0.18-0.24 Ti nm-2) to form isolated and accessible Ti centers persistently coordinated to multidentate calixarene ligands. Grafted Ti-tert-butylcalix[4]arenes gave Ti K-edge absorption spectra with pre-edge features at 4968.6-4968.9 eV, independently of Ti surface density and of their use in epoxidation catalysis. The structure and reactivity of g...

titanium aluminide and its alloys have been utilized in automotive, aerospace and power industries because of their specific properties such as low density (~ 4 g/cm3), high melting temperature (~ 1460 °c) and excellent high-temperature strength. ti-48al intermetallic compound and its alloys with 1.5, 3 and 5 at.%mn were produced with mechanical alloying of elemental powders for 50 hours. the p...

Let us say that an element of a given family A of subsets of R can be reconstructed using n test sets if there exist T1, . . . , Tn ⊂ R such that whenever A,B ∈ A and the Lebesgue measures of A∩ Ti and B ∩ Ti agree for each i = 1, . . . , n then A = B. Our goal will be to find the least such n. We prove that ifA consists of the translates of a fixed reasonably nice subset of R then this minimum...

The adsorption and dissociation of NH(3) on the clean and hydroxylated TiO(2) rutile (110) surfaces have been investigated by the first-principles calculations. The monodentate adsorbates such as H(3)N-Ti(a), H(2)N-Ti(a), N-Ti(a), H(2)N-O(a), HN-O(a), N-O(a) and H-O(a), as well as the bidentate adsorbate, Ti-N-Ti(a) can be formed on the clean surface. It is found that the hydroxyl group enhance...

The effect of depositing a collagen (CG)-poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) nanofiber mesh (NFM) at the microgrooves of titanium (Ti) on the mechanical stability and osseointegration of the implant with bone was investigated using a rabbit model. Three groups of Ti samples were produced: control Ti samples where there were no microgrooves or CG-PCL NFM, groove Ti samples where microgrooves were machined...

The aim of this study was to investigate biologic function of bone morphorgenic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) immobilized on the heparin-grafted Ti surface. Ti surfaces were first modified by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (ATPES), followed by grafting of heparin. BMP-2 was then immobilized on the heparin-grafted Ti surfaces. Pristine Ti and functionalized Ti surfaces were characterized by X-ray photoelect...

BACKGROUND Ti and its alloys have been widely used as orthopedic and dental implants due to their outstanding mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, long time is required to form bond between Ti implant and surrounding tissues. Therefore, these implants necessitate surface treatment such as mechanical/chemical treatment and coating of bioactive materials for improving the osseoint...