Pharmacologic Vitreolysis— Premise and Promise of the First Decade The term pharmacologic vitreolysis first appeared in the world’s literature one decade ago in the pages of the journal Retina.1 The coining of this term formalized a new field and was predicated on a premise and a promise. The premise was that we now understood enough about the molecular organization, structure, and physiology o...

In the past decade, computational intelligence (CI) techniques have been widely adopted in various fields such as business, science and engineering, as well as information technology. Specifically, hybrid techniques using artificial neural networks (ANNs) and genetic algorithms (GAs) are becoming an important alternative for solving problems in the field of engineering in comparison to traditio...

A 66-year-old male presented with a three-month history of subacute painless decreased vision in the left eye. His ocular included complicated phacoemulsification surgery eye more than 20 years prior to presentation. Slit lamp examination revealed retained lens nuclear fragment superonasal quadrant. Surgical removal improved patient’s condition. The fragments were presumably lodged behind iris ...

The vitreous is a complex structure whose composition and appearance change with age. Anomalous adhesions between the posterior vitreous face and the retinal surface are the cause of numerous vitreoretinal complications, while the presence of an intact posterior hyaloid provides a scaffold for vascular growth and anteroposterior traction. This review summarizes what is known about the biochemis...

Creosoteand chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-treated wood waste and untreated southern pine wood were liquefied with phenol and sulfuric acid. The effects of sulfuric acid content, liquefaction time, liquefaction temperature, and phenol to wood ratio on liquefaction rate (i.e., wood residue content) were investigated and analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that both creo...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to investigate new prognostic factors in associated with primary anatomical failure after scleral buckling (SB) for uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). METHODS The medical records of patients with uncomplicated RRD treated with SB were retrospectively reviewed. Eyes with known prognostic factors for RRD, such as fovea-on, proliferative v...

Optic disc pit (ODP) is a rare congenital anomaly of the optic disc, which can be complicated by a maculopathy associated with progressive visual loss. Optic disc pits are usually unilateral and sporadic in occurrence, and the development of maculopathy is unpredictable with no known triggers. Optic disc pit maculopathy (ODP-M) is characterized by intraretinal and subretinal fluid at the macula...