One of the current goals of the Pangloss knowledge-based MT project is the construction of a large (35000-node) ontology and lexicon. The upper region of the ontology (called the Ontology Base) is a 400-node synthesis of the PENMAN Upper Model and ONTOS. The rest is a network of commonly-encountered objects, processes, qualities, relations, etc., found in the application domain. Manually constr...

Machine translation (MT) systems do not currently achieve optimal quality translation on free text, whatever translation method they employ. Our hypothesis is that the quality of MT will improve if an MT environment uses output from a variety of MT systems working on the same text. In the latest version of the Pangloss MT project, we collect the results of three translation engines typically, s...

are developing a Trans-lator's Workstation to assist users in the translation of newspaper articles in the area of finance from Spanish or Japanese into English. At its core is a multi-engine MT system, consisting of a knowledge-based, interlin-gum system, an example-based system, and an extensive glossary and bilingual dictionary system. Results from all systems are combined in a chart structu...

For the last 40 years, a geographic and mental space in the San Francisco Bay Area now known as Silicon Valley has been the birthplace of many of the largest and fastest growing electronics firms in the world and a number of new industrial sectors.' The technologies these firms commercialized have had a significant impact on many aspects of social and economic life. To facilitate the commercial...

Theaim of this paper is to report on generation-oriented research conducted by the Systemic Meaning Modelling Group based at Macquarie University, Sydney, and involving researchers-at other institutions in Australia, Germany and Japan. We will describe the core generation system Multex, which is a system for generating multilingual and multimodal presentations, based on the principles of system...

The twin concepts of zooprophylaxis and the dilution effect originated with vector-borne diseases (malaria), were driven forward by studies on Lyme borreliosis and have now developed into the mantra "biodiversity protects against disease". The basic idea is that by diluting the assemblage of transmission-competent hosts with non-competent hosts, the probability of vectors feeding on transmissio...

Animals and plants defend themselves against a variable community of biological enemies. We argue that the effectiveness of allocation to defence (the success of defence per unit allocation) may be expected to decrease as the diversity of attack types increases, and asked how the optimal allocation to defence covaries with the effectiveness of defence. Variation in effectiveness links optimal d...

The paper examines briefly the impact of the “statistical turn” in machine translation (MT) R&D in the last decade, and particularly the way in which it has made large scale language resources (lexicons, text corpora etc.) more important than ever before and reinforced the role of evaluation in the development of the field. But resources mean, almost by definition, co-operation between groups a...

Introduction Linguistic Resources Knowledge-based machine translation (KBMT) systems have achieved excellent results in constrained domains, but have not yet scaled up to newspaper text. The reason is that knowledge resources (lexicons, grammar rules, world models) must be painstakingly handcrafted from scratch. One of the hypotheses being tested in the PANGLOSS machine translation project is w...