abstract the grasses cold tolerance is the most important limiting factor for its cultivation in temperate regions, so using cold tolerant cultivars is essential for grasses successful cultivation. in order to evaluation freezing stress tolerance of several species of grasses, this study was conducted in agricultural faculty of ferdowsi university of mashhad as a factorial complete randomized b...

Stressor experiences during the juvenile period may increase vulnerability to anxiety and depressive-like symptoms in adulthood. Stressors may also promote palatable feeding, possibly reflecting a form of self-medication. The current study investigated the short- and long-term consequences of a stressor applied during the juvenile period on anxiety- and depressive-like behavior measured by the ...

Differences in nutrient content between different grass hay varieties are much smaller than differences between legumes and grasses (Table 1). Cool-season grasses (grown in temperate climates) include timothy, orchardgrass, fescue and annual ryegrass. Warm-season grasses (adapted to tropical and subtropical regions, like Florida) include Coastal bermudagrass, Tifton-85 bermudagrass, and bahiagr...

Food reward, not hunger, is the main driving force behind eating in the modern obesogenic environment. Palatable foods, generally calorie-dense and rich in sugar/fat, are thus readily overconsumed despite the resulting health consequences. Important advances have been made to explain mechanisms underlying excessive consumption as an immediate response to presentation of rewarding tastants. Howe...

Tall fescue (Festuca rundinacea) plants can be infected with the endophytic fungus Acremonium coenophialum. This fungus, which grows subcutaneously in leaves, stems, and seeds, does not undergo sexual reproduction or sporulate, and cannot survive outside the plant (Clay 1988). The fungus is passed from one generation to the next through infected seed. A mutualistic relationship exists between t...

the study of genetic variation and phylogenetic relationships is essential for the efficient selection of superior plant material and conducting introgression breeding programs. in iran, despite the wide geographical distribution of grasses no report is available on the genetic diversity and relationships of cool season grass populations. in this study amplified fragment length polymorphism (af...

Climatic warming is likely to exacerbate nutritional stress and reduce weight gain in large mammalian herbivores by reducing plant nutritional quality. Yet accurate predictions of the effects of climatic warming on herbivores are limited by a poor understanding of how herbivore diet varies along climate gradients. We utilized DNA metabarcoding to reconstruct seasonal variation in the diet of No...

The Miocene radiation of C4 grasses under high-temperature and low ambient CO 2 levels occurred alongside the transformation of a largely forested landscape into savanna. This inevitably changed the host plant regime of herbivores, and the simultaneous diversification of many consumer lineages, including Bicyclus butterflies in Africa, suggests that the radiations of grasses and grazers may be ...