In the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid and iodine, styrene derivatives undergo head-to-tail dimerization followed by trapping with nitriles to yield the corresponding Ritter-type products.

Boc protection group could be readily removed in a very mild mechanochemical conditions. In a short reaction time, ball milling of Boc-protected amines with p-toluenesulfonic acid in solvent-free conditions affords corresponding amine p-TsOH salts.

In this study, biodiesel was produced from sludge palm oil (SPO) using tolune-4-sulfonic monohydrate acid (PTSA) as an acid catalyst in different dosages in the presence of methanol to convert free fatty acid (FFA) to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), followed by a transesterification process using an alkaline catalyst. In the first step, acid catalyzed esterification reduced the high FFA content...

BACKGROUND Medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a well-established surgery for medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA) wherein the lower extremity is realigned to shift the load distribution from the medial compartment of the knee to the lateral compartment. However, this surgery is known to affect the posterior tibial slope angle (PTSA), which could lead to abnormal knee kin...

We report the tailoring of the electrical properties of mechanically exfoliated multilayer (ML) molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) by chemical doping. Electrical charge transport and Raman spectroscopy measurements revealed that the p-toluene sulfonic acid (PTSA) imposes n-doping in ML MoS2. The shift of threshold voltage for ML MoS2 transistor was analyzed as a function of reaction time. The threshol...