A recent trend in micro-EDM is the addition of powders into dielectric. The presence helps to lower dielectric breakdown voltage and, therefore, discharge occurs early. As a result, energy better distributed, resulting greater number discharges, each with less energy. main advantage using this method improvement both process performance and surface finishing workpiece. In general, critical aspe...

An array of aromatic aldehydes with electron withdrawing groupunderwent crossed-Aldol condensation with cycloalkanone in the presence of catalytic amounts of DBSA under aqueous media to afford the corresponding α, ά-bis(substituted-benzylidene) cycloalkanones in good yields. The electronic effects on aromatic aldehydes could be observed. The present method is operationally simple and use of wat...

The title compound, C(14)H(16)O(4)P(2)·2H(2)O, possesses a crystallographic inversion center where two -P(=O)(OH)(C(6)H(5)) groups are joined together via two -CH(2) groups. In the crystal, the acid molecules are linked by the water molecules via O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, leading to the formation of a two-dimensional network lying parallel to (101).

The objective of the study was the estimation of the effect of surfactants on the toxicity of ZnO, TiO2 and Ni nanoparticles (ENPs) towards Daphnia magna. The effect of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), triton X-100 (TX100) and 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (SDBS) was tested. The Daphtoxkit F test (conforming to OECD Guideline 202 and ISO 6341) was applied for the toxicity testing. Bot...