PURPOSE To assess the role of hypoxia in inducing the proliferation, hypertrophy, and dysfunction of Muller cells in detached retina and the effectiveness of supplemental oxygen in limiting these reactions. METHODS Retinal detachments were produced in the right eye of each of 13 cats; the cats survived surgery for 3 days, during which six were kept in normoxia (room air, 21%) and seven in hyp...

BACKGROUND Whether the myocardium in nonischemic heart failure experiences oxygen limitation remains a long-standing controversy. We addressed this question in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) using a dual approach. First, we tested the changes in myocardial oxygenation between rest and stress states, using oxygenation-sensitive cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Second, we sought to ...

BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking, a cardiovascular risk factor leading to oxygen free radical formation, is involved in the development of serious pathological conditions. On the other hand, a healthy diet and adequate supplementation can help prevent many diseases. The aim of our study was to evaluate in healthy light smokers the effects of supplementation with mixed fruit and vegetable juice powd...

BACKGROUND Intramuscular supplementation with vitamin A in large doses may reduce the incidence of chronic lung disease. AIM To investigate whether oral supplementation with vitamin A would reduce the incidence of chronic lung disease in a group of extremely low birthweight infants. METHODS Infants with birth weight < 1000 g were randomised at birth to receive oral vitamin A supplementation...

Chlorella, a unicellular green alga, contains a variety of nutrients including amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. A previous animal study found that maximal swimming time in mice increased after 14 days on a diet including Chlorella powder compared to no change in swimming performance on a normal diet. However, it is currently unknown whether Chlorella-derived multicomponent su...

BackgroundWe aimed to compare the efficacy of nebulized hypertonic (3%, 5% and 7%) saline with normal saline in hospitalized infants with acute bronchiolitis.Materials and MethodsIn this triple-blinded randomized clinical trial, 120 children with moderate to severe bronchiolitis randomly assigned into four groups to receive nebulized normal saline (group A),  saline 3% (group B), saline 5% (gro...

Dietary nitrate is growing in popularity as a sports nutrition supplement. This article reviews the evidence base for the potential of inorganic nitrate to enhance sports and exercise performance. Inorganic nitrate is present in numerous foodstuffs and is abundant in green leafy vegetables and beetroot. Following ingestion, nitrate is converted in the body to nitrite and stored and circulated i...

After the experiments of Scheele, Priestly and especially Lavoisier, oxygen quickly came into use in adult medicine. When oxygen was introduced in newborn medicine almost 100 years ago, no critical questions seemed to be raised. When the relation between retinal damage (retinopathy of prematurity = ROP) and high oxygen in premature infants was detected more than 50 years ago, this resulted in a...

The Hungarian Air Ambulance has recently adopted oxygen supplementation during laryngoscopy, also known as apneic preoxygenation, to prevent desaturation during rapid sequence intubation. Despite its simplicity the nasal cannula method has some limitations relevant to our practice. First, the cannula can dislodge if the head is manipulated during preparation or intubation, especially if nasopha...