This paper introduces the T-compound, an agent interaction pattern we propose as reusable architecture in the design of multi-agent systems. We explain why this model and its underlying concept of overhearing are relevant and specific to agents. Then, we describe two strategies of implementation, together with their qualities and weaknesses. We then identify the T-compound in various agent-base...

The introduction of indirect interactions such as stigmergy in Multi–Agent Systems led to design systems not only with agents, but also with a logical environment that handles interactions. Overhearing is another indirect exchange model and it emphasises even more the presence of environment as a conceptual and modelling need. In this paper, we propose a model of agent communication and interac...

The paper derives formulas for the energy J(n) that a station’s radio consumes in order to transmit 1 MB of data in an IEEE 802.11 network with n stations. Calculations show that J(n) grows approximately linearly with n, for n ≥ 4. The useful energy consumed in successful transmission and reception of data is constant; the remaining energy is wasted. When n = 15, the waste amounts to 80 percent...

A Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANETs) consists of a gaggle of mobile and wireless nodes that doesn't use a centralized structure or base station system. There are many problems required to be selfaddressed for swish and effective functioning of Manet. One such issue for pretty much all types of mobile nodes supported by battery powers is Energy Saving. Energy could be a restricted resource; thus, a ...

Wireless ad hoc networks usually consist of mobile battery operated computing devices that communicate over the wireless medium. These devices need to be energy conserving so that the battery life is maximized. The energy for transmission of a packet in the wireless channel remains quite significant and may turn out to be the highest energy consuming component of the device. So, an energy-effic...

Network coding is known to benefit the downlink retranmissions by the AP in a wireless LAN from exploiting overhearing at the client nodes. However, designing an efficient and practical retranmission scheme remains a challenge. We present an (asymptotically) optimal scheme, ECR, for reducing the downlink retransmissions by the AP in a wireless LAN from exploiting overhearing at the client nodes...

We study the problem of scheduling packets from several flows traversing a given node which can mix packets belonging to different flows. Practical wireless network coding solutions depend on knowledge of overhearing events which is obtained either by acknowledgments or statistically. In the latter case, the knowledge about each packet improves progressively with feedback from the transmissions...

This paper proposes a formal model of interaction featuring the recent concept of overhearing in Multi-Agent Systems. This enacts indirect interactions whereby listening agents hear the conversation between two or more other agents that subscribe to this mechanism. We represent overhearing with an interaction composite named the Tcompound, so that it is distinguished from traditional direct int...