one of the measures taken by the 1979 revolutionary government of iran was to denounce the mixed public-private ownership of the banking system of the pre-revolutionary era and implement a full scale banking nationalization and merging scheme. since then the banking system has been operating under close supervision and scrutiny of the government - exercising its power to impose a variety of res...

This paper introduces a new credit card payment scheme called No Number Credit Card that can significantly reduce the possibility of credit card fraud. The proposed payment system is loosely based on Kerberos, a cryptographic framework that has stood the test of time. In No Number Credit Card, instead of card numbers, only payment tokens are exchanged between the customers and merchants. The to...

In this article, we put forward the small and middle-sized enterprises (SMEs) credit guarantee is the effective measure to solve the financing difficulty for SMEs. Through the analysis of the actuality of Chinese SMEs credit guarantee legal system, we try to find the shortages such as the deficiency of the SMEs special guarantee legislation, the unreasonable capital financing structure, the ris...

Based on a simplified evolutionary game model, this article analyzes the internal mechanism of credit cheating behaviors in E-Commerce business. With regard to potentially technological or rule defaults in credit system as well as traders’ selfish rationality, presence of credit cheating is to some extent unavoidable. We then suggest a new kind of credit system, which is independently coexisten...

This paper presents the Loans Standard (LS) model as an example of a pure credit monetary system. The LS model clariies some en-dogenous credit money issues raised by Moore, Wray, Arestis, Good-hart and others in the Journal of Post Keynesian Economics. The LS model encapsulates the credit money characteristics which have been identiied in the present monetary system, but removes its extraneous...

The purpose of this study is to find the relationship between lending to Small and Medium-size Exporter Enterprises (E-SMEs) and the use of Basel II Capital Accord for the first time in the banking system of Iran. Results showed that 96.69 percent of small firms were in the very low risk category of credit portfolio. This proof explains a consistent and balanced relationship between risk- weigh...

Credit cards have many important benefits; however, these same benefits often carry with them many privacy concerns. In particular, the need for users to be able to monitor their own transactions, as well as bank’s need to justify its payment requests from cardholders, entitle the latter to maintain a detailed log of all transactions its credit card customers were involved in. A bank can thus b...