A mathematical model of Reverse Osmosis membranes is proposed for use in the testing and comparison of control strategies in Reverse Osmosis plants. The model has been developed so that it can be used within off-the-shelf software and the parameters are simple to obtain from available plant measurements. Some simulations of the proposed model show that it correctly reproduces the expected proce...

corn steep water as effluent which arrives in environment from starch processing industry has adverse effects on the environment and also large volume of fresh water is wasted. corn step water is composed of high concentration of proteins, sugar, starch, vitamin and minerals, so it can be used as substrate for production of biological products. hence, corn steep water concentration is important...

With the increasing storage capacity of computers, it became evident that the use of a hierarchical le system no longer ts the interests of the user, i.e., with this kind of le system the user cannot nd a le in an easy, quick and intuitive way. For this reason, the concept of Semantic File System became quite popular. This is a system for storing and organizing information, that allows associat...

Reverse osmosis (RO) is being increasingly utilized throughout the world for desalination due to the latest improvements in RO membrane performance and its reduced cost compared to thermal desalination. In this paper, Different media and chemicals have been used for Iron removal to prevent membrane fouling of groundwater reverse osmosis plant located in Shupramant-Giza. The objective is to pres...

This second part of the overview of reverse osmosis investigates the ability of membrane transport models, presented in Part 1, to describe and/or predict membrane performance under different operating conditions. The problem of using the transport models to describe mixed solute systems is also discussed. The emphasis is to provide a simple, practical, and yet comprehensive summary of the most...

We have designed a porous nanofluidic desalination device, a rotating carbon nanotube membrane filter (RCNT-MF), for the reverse osmosis desalination that can turn salt water into fresh water. The concept as well as design strategy of RCNT-MF is modeled, and demonstrated by using molecular dynamics simulation. It has been shown that the RCNT-MF device may significantly improve desalination effi...

BACKGROUND Sequel to the work on the quantization of nonconservative systems using fractional calculus and quantization of a system with Brownian motion, which aims to consider the dissipation effects in quantum-mechanical description of microscale systems. RESULTS The canonical quantization of a system represented classically by one-dimensional Fick's law, and the diffusion equation is carri...

extended knowledge of osmosis. In his textbook, Elements of chemistry, there are eight pages on osmosis and he clearly indicated its probable importance in biology. Extracts of this section were quoted at length in many of the textbooks of physiology, widely read by medical students and doctors at times when great cholera epidemics were raging. The failure of the medical and chemical establishm...

1. Review the concept of heat and the processes of diffusion and osmosis. Learn the factors that affect the rate of diffusion. 2. Observe Brownian motion and relate this observation to the concept of heat energy. 3. Measure the speed of diffusion of dyes in a gel, and the speed of diffusion of gases in air. Relate the speed of diffusion to molecular mass and medium. 4. Investigate the process o...