the effects of fish weight on salinity tolerance were studied in caspian salmon (salmo trutta caspius) parr. 180 fish (all with 2 years old but with three weights; 5, 15, 25g) were selected and they reared in freshwater (fw) and brackish water (bw; 13ppt salinity) for 10 days. the mrna expression of two α-subunit isoforms of na+, k+-atpase (α1a and α1b) and nkcc co-transporters were studied in ...

Osmoregulation in marine mammals has been investigated for over a century; however, a review of recent advances in our understanding of water and electrolyte balance and of renal function in marine mammals is warranted. The following topics are discussed: (i) kidney structure and urine concentrating ability, (ii) sources of water, (iii) the effects of feeding, fasting and diving, (iv) the renal...

Betaine (N,N,N-trimethylglycine) functioned most effectively as an osmoprotectant in osmotically stressed Rhodobacter sphaeroides cells during aerobic growth in the dark and during anaerobic growth in the light. The presence of the amino acids L-glutamate, L-alanine, or L-proline in the growth medium did not result in a significant increase in the growth rate at increased osmotic strengths. The...

The adaptation of marine and anadromous fishes to novel, freshwater environments requires major physiological shifts in functions related osmoregulation, immunity, metabolism. For Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) populations, such changes have occurred independently many landlocked populations that were formed as a result extensive hydrological North America around 10 000 years ago. We compared pa...

This study aims to analyze the osmotic work level and pattern of osmoregulation at mollusc Teredo navalis Linnaeus 1758 in mangrove root habitats from different salinities. Case was performed with purposive sampling method. The research data were analyzed descriptively quantitatively. technique is based on tidal conditions seawater. Two locations designated, namely station I II north south resp...