AIMS To determine whether circulation of dairy wastewater induces the growth of phototrophic purple sulfur bacteria (PSB). METHODS AND RESULTS Two dairy wastewater lagoons that were similar in size, geographic location, number and type of cattle loading the lagoons were chosen. The only obvious visual difference between them was that one was stagnant and the water was brown in colour (Farm 1)...

Introduction Until relatively recently, anaerobic digestion (AD) plants at farm or industry level treated the organic waste arisings from a single farm or from an individual industrial operation. The installation of centralised AD plants, treating animal manures and slurries from a large number of farms, and the increasing use of co-digestion of manures, food-processing wastes, sewage sludge an...

A total of 5852 records concerning daily milk yield, content of protein and fat, and somatic cell count was recorded in two farms (organic and conventional). Somatic cell count was log10transformed before analysis because was not normally distributed. The mixed model methodology was used according to a repeated-measures scheme, as the restricted maximum likelihood method to estimate lactation c...

Modern rice farms are characterized by the use of synthetic agrochemicals, which eliminate a large segment of biodiversity on-farm. In contrast, organic rice farms tend to preserve much of natural biodiversity. While biodiversityproductivity relationship in organic vs. chemicalised rice farms is contested, the relationship of on-farm biodiversity with food web structural properties and ecosyste...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. in bulk tank milk samples from 288 organic and conventional dairy farms located in New York, Wisconsin, and Oregon from March 2009 to May 2011. Due to recent publications reporting the presence mecC (a mecA homolog not detected by traditional mecA-ba...

Case series of coeliac disease show that chronic allergic alveolitis (farmers' lung) and fever reactions due to exposure to organic dust (organic dust toxic syndrome) commonly occur among subjects with coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis, these being related disorders. In this case-referent study 105 cases of coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis were compared with 237 referents...

The literature highlights the growing consumers wish to purchase products produced organic. They believe that it is healthy and concerned about their environment. This way of consumers, which leads willingness in decision on present study focuses examining relationship among various demographic factors consumer buy Organic farm Products. To collect a primary data from respondent’s survey method...

This study focused on studies of pesticide residues in organic product. With increasing health and environmental awareness, organic farming has become an integral part of the agricultural policy in many countries. It is the less harmful to human and environment. The target of organic farm is not high quantity of production, but is the high quality. The market value of organic products in Europa...

There is growing evidence that low-cost open-source 3-D printers can reduce costs by enabling distributed manufacturing of substitutes for both specialty equipment and conventional mass-manufactured products. The rate of 3-D printable designs under open licenses is growing exponentially and there are already hundreds of designs applicable to small-scale organic farming. It has also been hypothe...

iii CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW AND THESIS OUTLINE 1 CHAPTER 2: SURVEY OF GRAIN AMARANTH PRODUCTION AND SOIL PROPERTIES IN KAMULI DISTRICT OF UGANDA 48 CHAPTER 3: ORGANIC GRAIN AMARANTH ON-STATION EXPERIMENTS IN UGANDA 76 CHAPTER 4: ORGANIC GRAIN AMARANTH ON-FARM EXPERIMENTS IN UGANDA 139 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 176 APPENDIX I: AMARANTH SURVEY 187 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 189