introduction penetration of a bicycle brake handle into the orbit is a rare and serious type of trauma. globe subluxation due to such trauma has not been previously reported. case presentation a 10-year-old girl presented after falling from a bicycle, which resulted in the handbrake penetrating her right upper eyelid. on examination, the globe was subluxated anteriorly, there was no light perce...

OBJECTIVE To assess the practicality and potential benefits of intraoperative computed tomography using a mobile scanner in the operating room during repair of orbitozygomatic fractures. SETTING Level I trauma center. DESIGN Twenty-five patients undergoing open reduction of a unilateral displaced fracture of the zygoma and/or repair of a blow-out fracture of the orbit with cranial bone graf...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although orbital fractures are common, orbital cellulitis rarely develops following orbital fracture. We hypothesized that compromise of the blood supply to the intraorbital fat during orbital floor fracture is responsible for this condition. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not the lower intraorbital fat is supplied by a branch of the infraorbital ar...

Prior to the primary treatment of the fracture, an ophthalmologic examination should be done routinely to verify visual acuity and check the possibility of intraocular or corneal injury. Obviously, if the patient is unconscious, the examination is limited. In the conscious patient, a delay of the operative procedure for a few days will allow the edema to subside and permit a more thorough exami...

introduction: this study was conducted to determine the pattern of maxillofacial fractures in three age groups of adults, adolescents, and children, using ct scan images. methods: in this cross-sectional study, ct scan images of 230 patients with maxillofacial trauma during one year were examined in terms of the number and site of fractures. the patients were divided into three age groups, chil...

BACKGROUND The mechanism of injury and the underlying biomechanics of orbital blowout fractures remain controversial. The "hydraulic" theory proposes that a generalized increased orbital content pressure results in direct compression and fracturing of the thin orbital bone. OBJECTIVE To examine the pure hydraulic mechanism of injury by eliminating the factor of globe-to-wall contact and its p...

The AOCMF Classification Group developed a hierarchical three-level craniomaxillofacial classification system with increasing level of complexity and details. Within the midface (level 1 code 92), the level 2 system describes the location of the fractures within defined regions in the central and lateral midface including the internal orbit. This tutorial outlines the level 3 detailed classific...

A 9-year-old girl was referred to a trauma centre with severe head injury. 3D CT scan revealed depressed fracture involving the frontal bone on the right side, right parietal bone, and right superior orbital margin, right lamina papyracea. The frontal table was managed conservatively and open reduction and internal fixation was done for the supraorbital blow in to correct the ocular dystopia. T...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Orbital fractures are a common facial fracture managed by multiple surgical specialties. Methods: A retrospective review of the electronic medical records of patients (age, 18-85 years) presenting to Northwestern Memorial Hospital and Northwestern Medical Faculty Foundation in Chicago, IL, USA with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes for facial frac...

Introduction: This study was conducted to determine the pattern of maxillofacial fractures in three age groups of adults, adolescents, and children, using CT scan images. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, CT scan images of 230 patients with maxillofacial trauma during one year were examined in terms of the number and site of fractures. The patients were divided into three age groups, chil...