Oral administration of ceftriaxone associated with a bile acid-based new oral carrier, cholylethylenediamine, in 50% propylene glycol to rats at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg of body weight resulted in a significant increase in intestinal absorption, as evidenced by 55% improvement in the bioavailability, whereas ceftriaxone alone showed a bioavailability of less than 1%.

The pharmacokinetics of the aminoglycoside tobramycin was evaluated after oral administration to fed or fasting (15 h) mice. As expected, under normal feeding conditions, oral absorption was negligible; however, fasting induced a dramatic increase in tobramycin bioavailability. The dual-sugar test with lactulose and l-rhamnose confirmed increased small bowel permeability via the paracellular ro...

There is no information on the effect of food or concurrent drug administration on the bioavailability of oral etoposide, despite the fact that treatment is frequently administered over several days and most often in combination with other cytotoxic agents. The influence of these factors has been studied in 11 patients, receiving combination cytotoxic therapy for extensive small cell lung carci...

Oral bioavailability measurements in rats for over 1100 drug candidates studied at SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals (now GlaxoSmithKline) have allowed us to analyze the relative importance of molecular properties considered to influence that drug property. Reduced molecular flexibility, as measured by the number of rotatable bonds, and low polar surface area or total hydrogen bond count (sum ...

Carvedilol (CRV) is an antihypertensive drug with both alpha and beta receptor blocking activity used to preclude angina and cardiac arrhythmias. To overcome the low, variable oral bioavailability of CRV, niosomal formulations were prepared and characterized: plain niosomes (without bile salts), bile salt-enriched niosomes (bilosomes containing various percentages of sodium cholate or sodium ta...

Ampicillin and Norfloxacin are used to treat variety of bacterial infections. These two drugs have low oral bioavailability. Co-administration of Piperine (20 mg/kg), an alkaloid from Piper nigrum L. enhanced oral bioavailability of Ampicillin and Norfloxacin in animal model. This is reflected in various pharmacokinetic measurements like Cmax, Tmax, AUC and t(1/2) of the above antibiotics in an...