BACKGROUND BCL-2 and BAX are important in the regulation of apoptosis. There have been reports of loss of BCL-2 in basal cells of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and suppression of BAX in poorly differentiated OSCC. AIM To investigate whether loss of BCL-2 in OED and OSCC, and of BAX in poorly differentiated OSCC could be attributed to BCL-2 and BAX...

Designing optimal experiments minimizes the uncertainty of results and maximizes efficient use resources. Herein, machine learning surrogate models approximate coordinate exchange (ACE) algorithm are used to determine experimental designs (OEDs) over large or arbitrarily restrictive design spaces. OED is particularly salient in materials science, where expensive material properties must often b...

In recent years, synthetic gene circuits for adding new cell features have become one of the most powerful tools in biological and pharmaceutical research development. However, because inherent non-linearity noisy experimental data, experiment-based model calibration these parts is perceived as a laborious time-consuming procedure. Although optimal design (OED) based on Fisher information matri...

The marriage of computers and the OED enhances end user access and simplifies basic publishing needs, but computerization can also result in more effective lexicography. Computerized lexicography has an important side benefit in the development of new information products. We briefly describe lexicographical activity as it was conducted on the Supplements for the OED and explore some possibilit...

Oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) is a premalignant lesion of the oral mucosa. Considering the poor 5-year survival rate of oral cancer, further investigation is needed in order to determine the pathogenesis of OED. In the present study, serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) data from patients with OED were compared to normal controls to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). SAGE da...

BACKGROUND Oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and carcinoma in situ (CIS) are defined by dysplastic cells in the epithelium. Over a third of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients present with associated OED. However, accurate histopathological diagnosis of such lesions is difficult. Nucleus accumbens-associated protein 1 (NAC1) is a member of the Pox virus and Zinc finger/Bric-a-brac Tramtr...

Chemical reaction optimization (CRO) is a newly proposed, easy to implement metaheuristic inspired by the phenomena between molecules in chemical reactions. However, CRO behaves like a random search to traverse the whole solution space, which could confine the algorithm’s search ability. The orthogonal experimental design (OED) method is a robust-design method that can obtain the best combinati...

A number of problems in quantum state and system identification are addressed. Specifically, it is shown that the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) approach, already known to apply to quantum state tomography, is also applicable to quantum process tomography (estimating the Kraus operator sum representation (OSR)), Hamiltonian parameter estimation, and the related problems of state and proces...

Covert speech communications may be used by terrorists to commit crimes through Internet. Steganalysis aims to detect secret information in covert communications to prevent crimes. Herein, based on the average zero crossing rate of the odd-even difference (AZCR-OED), a steganalysis algorithm for blended speech is proposed; it can detect the existence and estimate the embedding rate of blended s...

OBJECTIVE LGR5 is pivotal to oral cavity development and is implicated in epithelial malignancy whereby stimulation of LGR5 potentiates canonical Wnt signaling. This investigation tested our hypothesis of a correlation between LGR5 expression and the severity of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). STUDY DESIGN Immunoreactive LGR5 protein expression was qua...