Bilayer Bi/In thin film thermal resists are Bi and In films which form an etch resistant material at ~7 mJ/cm laser exposures with near wavelength invariance from visible to EUV. New simulations predicted that Bi/In film of 15/15nm absorbs substantially at 1 nm, which projects single pulse exposure sensitivity of ~16 mJ/cm, hence suggesting good sensitivity to X-ray range. Thermal modeling has ...

Bilayer Bi/In thin films form thermal resists with many new microfabrication and micromachining applications due to their changed physical, chemical and optical characteristics after laser exposures. Wavelength invariance has been shown from the results of both experiment and Airy Summation optical modeling. The modeling projects bimetallic resist sensitivity to be nearly constant at about ~7 m...

Following Levins' patch occupancy model, we presented a differential-equation model, in which both the metapopulation dynamics and the dynamics of the fraction of suitable patches in the habitat are characterized. Habitat restoration induced by organism itself (internal restoration) and by other organisms or/and abiotic causes (external restoration) were incorporated in the model, together with...

Abstract—In this paper, a class of generalized bi-directional associative memory (BAM) neural networks with mixed delays is investigated. On the basis of Lyapunov stability theory and contraction mapping theorem, some new sufficient conditions are established for the existence and uniqueness and globally exponential stability of equilibrium, which generalize and improve the previously known res...

In this study, delay-dependent robust stability problem is investigated for uncertain neutral systems with discrete and distributed delays. By constructing an augmented Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional involving triple integral terms and taking into account the relationships between the different delays, new less conservative stability and robust stability criteria are established first using the...

Two-phase bimetal composites contain both grain boundaries and bi-phase interfaces between dissimilar crystals. In this work, we use a crystal plasticity finite element framework to explore the effects of grain boundary interactions on the plastic stability of bi-phase interfaces. We show that neighboring grain interactions do not significantly alter interface plastic stability during plane str...

Ge-based alloys have drawn great interest as promising materials for their superior visible to infrared photoelectric performances. In this study, we report the preparation and optical properties of germanium-bismuth (Ge1-xBix) thin films by using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). GeBi thin films belong to the n-type conductivity semiconductors, which have been rarely reported. With the increasing ...

the occurrence of genotype × environment (ge) interaction has led to the development of several stabilityparameters that can be used to estimate the stability of cultivar performance. repeatability of 20 parametric and non-parametric stability measures across years and yield subsets as well as their association with mean seed yield and interrelationship among them in safflower (carthamus tincto...