iran enjoys a glorious history in medicine, ophthalmology and optics and has introduced several great physicians and ophthalmologists to the world. the history of ophthalmology dates back to 6000 years ago; unfortunately we have no manuscripts or petrographies from those eras. the oldest document about ophthalmic diseases can be found in avesta. furthermore, as early as 1600 years ago, genta sh...

The development of optical coherence tomography (OCT) has changed the clinical management of ophthalmic diseases by furthering the understanding of pathogenesis, as well as improving the monitoring of their progression and assisting in quantifying the response to treatment modalities in ophthalmic diseases. Initially, the two-dimensional configuration of the optic nerve head (ONH) and the thick...

Objective- Analysis of the PSV (peak systolic velocity), EDV (end diastolic velocity) and RI (Resistant Index) in external ophthalmic and the long ciliary ophthalmic arteries in the cat by pulse Doppler. Design- Descriptive study Animals- 12 short haired “Tomcats” weighted about 3.9± 0.9 Kg no e general and optic disease in clinical, paraclinical and ophthalmoscopic examinations. Pr...

OBJECTIVE To determine types and frequency of ophthalmic lesions detected in neonatal foals evaluated for nonophthalmic disease at 3 veterinary referral hospitals and to investigate associations between systemic and ophthalmic diseases in these foals. DESIGN Prospective cross-sectional study. ANIMALS 70 foals < 30 days old. PROCEDURES Complete ophthalmic examinations were performed. Signa...

Ophthalmic photography has long played an important role in the documentation and diagnosis of ocular diseases. Like other medical or scientific imaging disciplines, ocular photography is used to record medical conditions, track disease progression, and create illustrations for publication and education. The primary role of ophthalmic imaging however goes well beyond documentation in its abilit...

Assessment of the peripapillary nerve fiber layer and macular thickness can be determined in ophthalmology using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Decreased nerve fiber layer thickness and macular ganglion cell thickness in optic nerve ischemia have been correlated with visual field loss. OCT allows deep optic nerve head evaluation which helps understand pathophysiology of diseases.  Furtherm...