T HE old-age and survivors insurance program combines three types of protection for workers and their families-retirement protection for those between the ages of 65 and 75, annuities for those aged 75 or over, and survivor insurance, payable on the death of an insured worker at any age. The retirement test (or work clause) is applicable when the beneficiary is under age 75, both for retirement...

The introduction of the Community Care (Delayed Discharge) Act 2003 in England led to a reduction in the mean and median length of stay of patients admitted to geriatric medicine (GM) units despite an increase in the number of admissions (Shah, 2007) because it imposed financial penalties on local authorities for delays in the discharge of patients. However, mean and median length of stay of pa...

The fifth version of the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM -5) was released in May 2013 after 14 years of development. Originally announced as an integrative version of the latest data in neuroscience, this manual should be more based on pathophysiology than the previous versions. Mixed dimensional and categorical mental disorder approach would also take the place of ca...

V ascular calcification, once considered a passive consequence of aging, is now recognized to be a highly regulated process akin to bone formation. Vascular calcification is prevalent across ethnicities and age groups, and observational studies show an interaction with aging in asymptomatic adults and in individuals with established coronary artery disease. Recent findings from the HORUS study ...