Background. Limited physical activity (PA) is a risk factor for childhood obesity. In Netherlands, as in many other countries worldwide, local policy officials bear responsibility for integrated PA policies, involving both health and nonhealth domains. In practice, its development seems hampered. We explore which obstacles local policy officials perceive in their effort. Methods. Fifteen semist...

BACKGROUND Tobacco control effort should be first started in people that are looked upon as role models for the general population. We aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of religious officials towards smoking and the new tobacco law. METHOD The study group was comprised of 492 Imams and 149 Quran course instructors working in Kahramanmaras city of Turkey, 641 religious o...

Morehead City, North Carolina, faced a moratorium on new construction because of problems with its sewage system. We developed an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) transfer function-intervention model to help town officials explain the sources of variation in the volume of sewage-treatment-plant discharge to the state officials who had imposed the moratorium on extending the sewa...

We build a principal-agent-client model of corruption, allowing for heterogeneity of the value of public projects relative to the cost of monitoring their virtuous execution. In an environment in which potential corruptors face uncertainty about the type of project followed by officials, we show under which conditions officials with low-value projects have an incentive to signal their project’s...

On 4 January the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) convened a workshop a t its Atlanta headquarters to assess the options for halting the spread of the new disease called acquired immunodeficien­ cy syndrome o r , more commonly, AIDS. The main topic of discussion was the possibility that the disease, which may kill u p to 70 percent of the patients within 2 years of diagnosis, might b e spread ...

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Officiating in football depends, at least to some extent, upon adequate visual function. However, there is no vision standard for football officiating and the nature of the relationship between officiating performance and level of vision is unknown. As a first step in characterising this relationship, we report on the clinically-measured vision and on the perceived level of vision in elite-leve...