The treatment of corneal abrasion currently involves the topical administration antibiotics, with moxifloxacin HCl (0.5% w/v) eye drops being one most widely used treatments. Our previous work (Tawfik et al., 2020) involved development coaxial poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanofibers loaded antibiotic anti-scarring agent pirfenidone in core shell respectivel...

the rational use of insecticides largely depends on a broad knowledge of the susceptibility and irritability levels of malaria vectors to currently used insecticides especially pyrethroids. in this study the susceptibility and irritability levels of anopheles stephensi and an.culicifacies to ddt 4%,malathion 5%, propoxur 0.1%, deltamethrin 0.025%, lambdacyhalothrin 0.1%, cyfluthrin 0.1% and per...

Cutaneous irritation presents a major health problem with serious social and occupational impact. The interaction between an irritant and the human skin depends on multiple factors: the intrinsic properties and the nature of the irritant itself, and specific individual- and environment-related variables. The main pathological mechanisms of irritancy include skin barrier disruption, induction of...

Selected free fatty acids (FFAs) are documented effective somatosensory and olfactory stimuli whereas gustatory effects are less well established. This study examined orthonasal olfactory, retronasal olfactory, nasal irritancy, oral irritancy, gustatory, and multimodal threshold sensitivity to linoleic, oleic, and stearic acids. Sensitivity to oxidized linoleic acid was also determined. Detecti...

OBJECTIVE Mascara is a mild irritant that causes a range of medical problems. Animal models to predict ocular irritation have, however, been questioned at a number of levels, and there is a continued need to develop in vitro testing methods. METHODS We assess changes in an easily quantifiable attribute, ciliated protozoan growth rate, as a sensitive, sublethal measure. Specifically, we test s...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Kahnooj district in south of Iran is an endemic area for malaria where Anopheles stephensi (Liston) is a main malaria vector and An. dthali (Patton) a secondary vector. According to the national strategy plan on monitoring of insecticides resistance, this study was performed on susceptibility and irritability levels of An. stephensi and An. dthali to different insectic...

Objective: The present investigation aims to develop nano in situ gels of bevacizumab and evaluate their safety efficacy. Methods: Nanoparticles were designed using the desolvation double emulsion solvent evaporation technique. hen’s egg test: chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) assay was adopted anti-angiogenesis irritancy potential prepared gel. Computational docking study carried out glide mo...

Hand disinfection with short-chain aliphatic alcohols, so-called "rub-ins" is the method of choice for cross-infection prevention in health care environments, but their irritant potential is not well known. Skin tolerance is a major compliance factor, and a high proportion of health care workers suffer from low-grade irritant contact dermatitis. Therefore, assessment of the irritancy of the ski...

The bovine corneal opacity and permeability (BCOP) assay is an alternative method to the in vivo Draize eye test in rabbits for evaluating eye irritation in vitro. Here, we compared the numerical results of the BCOP assay with the corresponding histopathology for three different corneas for each test substance, including commercially available shampoos, make-up removers and cleansing foams that...

Human eyes and skin are frequently exposed to chemicals accidentally or on purpose due to their external location. Therefore, chemicals are required to undergo the evaluation of the ocular and dermal irritancy for their safe handling and use before release into the market. Draize rabbit eye and skin irritation test developed in 1944, has been a gold standard test which was enlisted as OECD TG 4...