Event generators based on perturbative QCD (pQCD) are proposed such as HIJING (Heavy Ion Jet Interaction Generator)[1], VNI (Vincent Le Cucurullo Con Giginello)[2], in order to describe ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions, especially, at collider energies (RHIC/LHC). Although both models reproduce many pp and p̄p data, there are large discrepancies in AA collisions between these two models, ...

Unstable atomic nuclei release excess energy through various radioactive decay processes. In some cases, including internal conversion and electron capture, the atom remains ionised after the nuclear decay event. Atomic relaxation back to the ground state occurs rapidly via radiative and non-radiative processes, often referred to collectively as atomic radiations. Non-radiative processes includ...

The spallative production rates of Lithium, Beryllium and Boron (LiBeB) are a necessary component in any calculation of the evolution of these nuclei in the Galaxy. Previous calculations of these rates relied on two assumptions relating to the nuclear physics aspects: the straight-ahead approximation that describes the distribution of fragment energies and the assumption that the major contribu...

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Protein kinase cascades likely play a critical role in the signaling events that underlie synaptic plasticity and memory. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) cascade is suited well for such a role because its targets include regulators of gene expression. Here we report that the ERK cascade is recruited during long-term depression (LTD) of synaptic strength in area CA1 of the adult ...

Transport models have successfully described many aspects of intermediate energy heavy-ion collision dynamics. As the energies increase in these models to the ultrarelativistic regime, Lorentz covariance and causality are not strictly respected. The standard argument is that such effects are not important to final results; but they have not been seriously considered at high energies. We point o...

The transverse profile dependence of elliptic flow is studied in a parton cascade model. We demonstrate that the impact parameter dependence of elliptic flow depends sensitively on the transverse profile of initial particles, however, if elliptic flow is plotted as a function of the relative multiplicity, the nuclear profile dependence disappears. The insensitivity was found previously in a hyd...

Background: Novel roles for the interaction of cardiotonic steroids to Na+/K+-ATPase have been established in recent years. The aim of the present study was to investigate the intracellular signaling events downstream the action of ouabain on Na+/K+-ATPase in Sertoli cell obtained from immature rats. Treatment of Sertoli cells with ouabain (1 μM) induced a rapid and transient increase in the ex...

Spallation reactions are generally considered to proceed in two stages: a cascade stage followed by an evaporation stage. Light charged particle (lcp) spectra indicate that such particles are produced by both stages. The mechanism of production in the cascade stage is still not fully understood. Using the improved versions of the Liège Intra-Nuclear Cascade model and of the ABLA evaporation mod...

A newly emerging family of phosphatases that are members of the haloacid dehalogenase superfamily contains the catalytic motif DXDX(T/V). A member of this DXDX(T/V) phosphatase family known as Dullard was recently shown to be a potential regulator of neural tube development in Xenopus [Satow R, Chan TC, Asashima M (2002) Biochem Biophys Res Commun 295:85-91]. Herein, we demonstrate that human D...