We study a resource allocation problem for an early-stage, resource-constrained non-profit organization (NPO) that implements social development projects for public good. The NPO uses a novel approach, which we term as the “ex–post funding” approach, to raise money from donors to fund these projects. In this approach, the NPO uses its initial funds to implement early phases of the project, and ...

Several papers in the 1980s questioned the wisdom of withholding clear liquids for more than 3 h before elective surgery. Furthermore, recent papers have suggested relaxing the current NPO after midnight (Latin: Nulla per os; or "nothing by mouth") practice in children and adults. To see whether the policy and practice regarding NPO status before elective surgery have changed in the United Stat...

PURPOSE This study assessed changes in functional dysmetria (FD) and in brain activation observable by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a leg flexion-extension motor task following brain stimulation with a single radioelectric asymmetric conveyer (REAC) pulse, according to the precisely defined neuropostural optimization (NPO) protocol. POPULATION AND METHODS Ten healthy vo...

This case study investigates the criteria for organizational effectiveness in non-profit organizations (NPOs) with the aim to determine how the elements of sustainability fit within the criteria. To achieve this, the study utilized the research questions: “what criteria do NPOs use to evaluate their effectiveness?” and “how is sustainability embedded in NPO effectiveness?” The research design w...

INTRODUCTION In an effort to increase understanding of formation of the community and home-based care economy in South Africa, we investigated the origin and development of non-profit organisations (NPOs) providing home- and community-based care for health and social services in a remote rural area of South Africa. METHODS Over a three-year period (2010-12), we identified and tracked all NPOs...

We consider the following questions: 1. Can one compute satisfying assignments for satissable Boolean formulas in polynomial time with parallel queries to NP? 2. Is the unique optimal clique problem (UOCLIQUE) complete for P NPO(log n)] ? 3. Is the unique satissability problem (USAT) NP hard? We deene a framework that enables us to study the complexity of generating and checking proofs of membe...

Cognitive Internet of Things (CIoT) mainly consists of a group of autonomous nodes (ANs) which are commonly combined into domains and should have the intelligence to perceive, analyze, decide and act. Cooperation has shown to be a good technique for collective behavior of ANs that locally interact with each other in distributed environments. In this paper, we study the cooperative decision-maki...

This research studies the effect of pre-oxidation on physical and electrochemical properties electrospun polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-derived carbon composites cobalt phosphides by comparing carbonized non-pre-oxidized (NPO) pre-oxidized (PO) samples used as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. The X-Ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed formation CoP Co2P in both while presence amorphous...

Effectively prolonging the residence time of nanoprobes in the tumor region and reducing the accumulation of nanoprobes in the vital organs (for example, lung, liver and spleen) is crucial for high-efficiency photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer. Herein, we systematically report an ultra-small and highly stable nanoplatform with diameters of 4, 8 and 13 nm that exhibited excellent photodynamic ...

PURPOSE In the elderly population, problems with walking and balance are very common. These problems seriously affect the quality of life of the elderly. When gait and balance problems are caused by neurological disease, these problems can be more serious and difficult to handle. The aim of this pilot study was to verify the effect of a noninvasive radioelectric conveyor asymmetric brain stimul...