We studied whether noradrenaline release is affected by interleukin-1β and the neuropeptides urotensin II, melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), neuropeptide W (NPW) and neuropeptide FF (NPFF). Rodent tissues preincubated with [3H]noradrenaline were superfused, and the effect of peptides on the electrically-evoked tritium overflow ("noradrenaline release") was studied. In mouse brain cortex, int...

Calcium-independent noradrenaline release was studied in the isolated perfused rat heart under conditions of normoxia, cyanide intoxication, and ischemia. The release of endogenous noradrenaline and dihydroxyphenylglycol were determined by high-performance liquid chroma tography. The release of dihydroxyphenylglycol, the main neuronal noradrenaline metabolite, was used as an indicator of the fr...

AIMS To investigate whether strong cardiac sympathetic activity contributes primarily to sudden death or to worsening heart failure, and to determine the relationship of the size of cardiac noradrenaline stores to the mode of death. METHODS AND RESULTS The study population comprised 116 patients with congestive heart failure (ejection fraction 19+/-7%) and a mean follow-up of 18+/-19 months. ...

Noradrenaline stimulates the concomitant release of ovarian oxytocin and progesterone in cattle within a few minutes, but the mechanism of its action is unknown. Changes in alpha- and beta-receptors and blood pressure were considered as possible mechanisms of the noradrenaline effect. Heifers in group 1 (n = 4) were infused with noradrenaline (0.16 microgram kg-1 min-1) for 30 min into the aort...

1. Mean supine plasma noradrenaline was lower in 12 male laboratory staff (0.24 +/- 0.02 microgram/l) than similarly normotensive out-patients (0.44 +/- 0.07 microgram/l). 2. In 164 non-medical hospital staff, plasma noradrenaline increased with age in white males only. 3. Plasma noradrenaline was significantly higher in women than men. 4. There was no relationship between supine blood pressure...

The endogenous noradrenaline concentration, fractional turnover, half-life, and turnover rate of tritiated ((3)H) noradrenaline were determined in the oesophagus, non-glandular and glandular portions of the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon of the rat. The highest concentration of endogenous noradrenaline was present in the duodenum and colon. The (3)H-noradrenaline fractional turnov...

Noradrenaline has long played a key role in the way the etiology of depression is conceptualized and in the mechanism of action of many current antidepressants. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (NRIs), the noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant ...

Isolated preparations of the rabbit vas deferens were incubated with (--)-(3)H-nor- adrenaline. A preferential release of (3)H-noradrenaline was demonstrated after electrical stimulation of the intramural nerves in those tissues labelled with 10 ng/ml (3)H-noradrenaline. There was no preferential release of (3)H-noradrenaline when the vasa were initially labelled with 100 ng/ml (3)H-noradrenali...

The precise neurochemical effects of antidepressants that underlie their efficacy remain unclear. Many antidepressants modulate noradrenaline transmission in vivo. However, the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and NK1 receptor antagonists target 5-HT and substance P transmission, respectively. Whether effects on noradrenaline neurones contribute to the efficacy of these drugs has...

Using the technique of homogenization and subsequent density gradient centrifugation combined with ultrastructural analysis, the subcellular localization of noradrenaline and neuropeptide Y (NPY) was studied in vas deferens of castrated male rats. Noradrenaline showed two peaks in the gradient: one major peak at low density and another at high density. Only one NPY peak was seen, which coincide...