The class of counting processes constitutes a significant part of applied probability. The classic counting processes include Poisson processes, nonhomogeneous Poisson processes, and renewal processes. More sophisticated counting processes, including Markov renewal processes, Markov modulated Poisson processes, age-dependent counting processes, and the like, have been developed for accommodatin...

A Markov modulated Poisson Process (MMPP) is a Poisson process whose rate varies according to a Markov process. The nonhomogeneous MMPP developed in this article is a natural model for point processes whose events combine irregular bursts of activity with predictable (e.g. daily and hourly) patterns. We show how the MMPP may be viewed as a superposition of unobserved Poisson processes that are ...

In 1956, Dobrushin proved an important central limit theorem for nonhomogeneous Markov chains. In this note, a shorter and different proof elucidating more the assumptions is given through martingale approximation.

A stochastic model for relating precipitation occurrences at multiple rain gauge stations to broad-scale atmospheric circulation patterns (the so-called \downscaling problem") is proposed. The model is an example of a nonhomogeneous hidden Markov model and generalizes existing downscaling models in the literature. The model assumes that atmospheric circulation can be classi ed into a small numb...

Methods for fitting nonhomogeneous Markov models to panel-observed data using direct numerical solution to the Kolmogorov Forward equations are developed. Nonhomogeneous Markov models occur most commonly when baseline transition intensities depend on calendar time, but may also occur with deterministic time-dependent covariates such as age. We propose transition intensities based on B-splines a...

J. Neyman used stochastic processes extensively in his applied work. One example is the Fix and Neyman (F-N) competing risks model (1951) that uses finite homogeneous Markov processes to analyse clinical trials with breast cancer patients. We revisit the F-N model, and compare it with the Kaplan-Meier (K-M) formulation for right censored data. The comparison offers a way to generalize the K-M f...