New information has prompted revision of the conceptual framework for considering the epidemiology and virology of viral hepatitis. The means are now at hand to identify infections due to either Hepatitis A or B, as well as to implicate other etiologic agents in hepatitis. Immunologic evidence of variation in the antigens associated with Hepatitis B, and possibly in Hepatitis A, may explain som...

Although clinically recognized since the time of Hippocrates, viral hepatitis has been a continually enigmatic disease with each new insight raising the spectre of a new complexity. Despite remarkable advances in the past decade emanating from the discovery of the Australia antigen (Blumberg, Alter and Visnich, 1965) and its eventual linkage to viral hepatitis type B (Prince, 1968), there remai...

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a promising therapeutic approach for castration-resistant prostate cancer (PCa). For the clinical application of siRNA, it is vital to find a safe and efficient gene transfer vector. Nanotechnology can provide a crucial advantage in developing strategies for cancer management and treatment by helping to improve the safety and efficacy of new therapeutic delivery...

Parkinson's disease is known to result from the loss of dopaminergic neurons. Direct intracerebral injections of high doses of recombinant glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) have been shown to protect adult nigral dopaminergic neurons. Because GDNF does not cross the blood-brain barrier, intracerebral gene transfer is an ideal option. Chitosan (CHI) is a naturally derived materi...

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) molecules have significant therapeutic promise for the genetic treatment of cancer. To overcome instability and low transfection efficiency, polyethylene glycol-polyethyleneimine (PEG-PEI) was synthesized and investigated as a non-viral carrier of siRNA targeting CD44v6 in gastric carcinoma cells. The size, surface charge using zeta potential, and morphology via sc...

The objective of this study is to prepare a non-viral carrier of gene transfection from various polysaccharides and evaluate the feasibility in gene expression for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Various amounts of spermine were chemically introduced into pullulan, dextran and mannan with a molecular weight of around 40 000 or pullulan with different molecular weights to prepare cationized polys...

The objective of this study is to prepare a non-viral carrier of gene expression from the polysaccharide dextran and evaluate the effect of amine compounds introduced to dextran on the level of gene expression. Dextran with a molecular weight of 74 x 10(3) was cationized by the chemical introduction of different amine compounds. The cationized dextran was complexed with a plasmid DNA and the vi...

Gene therapy using nucleic acids has many clinical applications for the treatment of diseases with a genetic origin as well development innovative vaccine formulations. Since in their free form are rapidly degraded by nucleases present extracellular matrices, have poor pharmacokinetics and hardly pass cellular membranes, carrier systems required. Suitable carriers that protect acid payload agai...

in recent years, viral advertising has received ampleattention from marketers and practitioners due to significant expansionof internet. this research aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of viraladvertising. we applied experiment strategy to conduct the study.students of mazandaran university constituted the population. totally386 students were selected using cluster sampling. the selectedsam...