Mixed-signal circuit design has historically been a challenge for several reasons. Parasitic interactions between analog and digital systems on a single die are one such challenge. Switching transients induced by digital circuits inject noise into the common substrate creating substrate noise. Analog circuits lack the large noise margins of digital circuits, thus making them susceptible to subs...

This paper presents the design methodologies and implementation of HEMT RF down conversion Mixer for 1.8 GHz to 5 GHz wireless and mobile applications.In many recent receiver designs, the front-end mixer determines the receiver's sensitivity and better isolation for the system. Single transistor mixer are developed for such an applications i.e. a Common source configuration, where the LO signal...

This paper discusses sensor fusion techniques that can be used to increase the control bandwidth and stability of active vibration isolation systems. For this, a low noise inertial instrument dominates the fusion at low frequency to provide vibration isolation. Other types of sensors (relative motion, smaller but noisier inertial, or force sensors) are used at higher frequencies to increase sta...

Power islands are often employed in printed circuit board (PCB) designs to alleviate the problem of power bus noise coupling between circuits. Good isolation can be obtained over a wide frequency band due to the large series impedance provided by the gap between the power islands. However, power bus resonances may degrade the isolation at high frequencies. The amount of isolation also depends o...

Residuals in fault detection and diagnosis are usually designed with directional or structured properties to facilitate fault isolation. With directional residuals, best isolation is achieved if the residual directions are orthogonal. In the presence of noise, the residuals are subjected to statistical testing. Testing conditions are ideal if the Fisher information matrix of the residuals is di...

The responses of cortical neurons to repeated presentation of a stimulus are highly variable, yet correlated. These "noise correlations" reflect a low-dimensional structure of population dynamics. Here, we examine noise correlations in 22,705 pairs of neurons in primary visual cortex (V1) of anesthetized cats, during ongoing activity and in response to artificial and natural visual stimuli. We ...

This paper will examine research on noise and health and suggest new topics and methods of investigation. First, it will discuss noise exposure and argue that new approaches need to be considered. Secondly, it will examine possible underlying mechanisms and show that it is inappropriate to use stress as a model for effects of noise on health. The next section will suggest that it is important t...