A widely used subpixel precision estimate of an object center is the weighted center of gravity (COG). We derive three maximum-likelihood estimators for the variance of the two-dimensional (2-D) COG as a function of the noise in the image. We assume that the noise is additive, Gaussian distributed and independent between neighboring pixels. Repeated experiments using 2500 generated 2-D bell-sha...

We consider the heat equation with a multiplicative Gaussian potential in dimensions d ≥ 3. We show that the renormalized solution converges to the solution of a deterministic diffusion equation with an effective diffusivity. We also prove that the renormalized large scale random fluctuations are described by the Edwards-Wilkinson model, that is, the stochastic heat equation (SHE) with additive...

— The minimum mean-square error of the estimation of a non-Gaussian signal where observed from an additive white Gaussian noise (WGN) channel's output, is analyzed. First, a quite general time-continuous channel model is assumed for which the behavior of the non-Gaussianess of the channel's output for small signal to noise ratio q, is proved. Then, It is assumed that the channel input's signal ...

In many applications, observations result from the random presence or absence of random signals in independent and additive white Gaussian noise. When the observations are independent and the probabilities of presence of the signals are upper-bounded by some value in [0,1), a theoretical result is established for the noise standard deviation. The latter is the only positive real number satisfyi...

The influence of external noise on minimalistic models for the catalytic CO oxidation on Ir(111) and Pt(111) is studied by means of the adiabatic elimination technique. Two models, which reproduce the bistable behavior usually observed in CO oxidation on Pt group metal surfaces, are analyzed. The noise is superposed on the fraction of CO in the constant gas flow directed at the surfaces and the...

In this paper, we propose a method to reduce the various kinds of noise while gathering and recording the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. Because of the defects of former method in the noise elimination of ECG signal, we use translation invariant (TI) multiwavelet denoising method to the noise elimination. The advantage of the proposed method is that it may not only remain the geometrical chara...

The electronic devices are exposed to external electromagnetic signals that produce an unwanted signal called noise in the circuit, which causes interference [EMI] problems. It occurs two modes: radiated mode and conducted mode. In radiation mode, shielding technique is used for conduction filtering used. design of EMI filter depends upon type generated by Switched Mode Power supply circuit [SM...

In this paper, unique approach is presented for the electroencephalography (EEG) signals analysis. This is based on Eigen values distribution of a matrix which is called as scaled Hankel matrix. This gives us a way to find out the number of Eigen values essential for noise reduction and extraction of signal in singular spectrum analysis. This paper gives us an approach to classify the EEG signa...