Stable isotope analysis of two separate corals from Nauru Island in the warm pool of the western tropical Pacific confum that coral oxygen isotopes are a robust recorder of environmental variables.Coral 0180faithfully records interannual variability even when strongly influenced by kinetic effects. Interannual to decadal variability of coral oDe remains enigmatic; only one of the two corals exh...

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The Northwest Pacific (NWP) anomalous anticyclone (AAC) intensifies and extends northward from El Nino decaying early to mid-summer, despite Nino-induced sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the North Indian Ocean, Atlantic subtropical NWP. present study suggests intra-seasonal variations of AAC are induced by local mean state changes investigates underlying mechanisms perspective energet...

Although anomalous episodic warming of the eastern equatorial Pacific, dubbed El Niño by Peruvian fishermen, has major (and occasionally devastating) impacts around the globe, robust forecasting is still limited to about 6 mo ahead. A significant extension of the prewarning time would be instrumental for avoiding some of the worst damages such as harvest failures in developing countries. Here w...

Studies of rainfall variation generally focus on large areas. For example, in India, the area average monsoon rainfall series of the whole country or meteorological subdivisions are used. This would be of no use for local agriculture, particularly in places where rainfall is very high or very low, especially for crops like small cardamom and vanilla which are very sensitive to soil moisture and...

The objective of this study is to quantify the nature of the mechanisms of southern Africa rainfall variability, unrelated to the El Nino Southern Oscillation, by means of a simple empirical composite analysis, as a baseline for a more detailed study.