background plain radiography and contrast radiologic studies are traditionally the main options in evaluating neonates presenting with bilious vomiting. while ultrasonography (us) is more available, its diagnostic accuracy is in question. objectives the purpose of this study is to determine the diagnostic accuracy of us in evaluating these patients with bilious vomiting. patients and methods al...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the Indian Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness (IMNCI) programme, which integrates improved treatment of illness for children with home visits for newborn care, to inform its scale-up. DESIGN Cluster randomised trial. SETTING 18 clusters (population 1.1 million) in Haryana, India. PARTICIPANTS 29,667 births in intervention clusters and 30,813 in c...

A majority of these maternal and neonatal deaths could be prevented with early recognition and proper implementation of required skills and knowledge (Ray and Salihu, 2004). While the Millennium Development Goals (MDG4 and 5) call for a reduction in maternal mortality by three quarters and child mortality by two thirds, this can only be achieved if health care coverage of mothers and newborns i...

meningitis, pneumonia, and sepsis in newborns and young infants (age < 60 days) are the main causes of childhood mortality in developing countries. even though streptococcus pneumonia is the most commonly detected microorganism in pediatric bacterial meningitis, it is rare in newborn infants. the following article reports a case of pneumococcal meningitis that was detected early in a newborn in...

developmental dysplasia of the hip (ddh) is one of the most widely discussed abnormalities in neonates. the advantages of sonographic examination are well known, but its main disadvantage is that it might lead to over diagnosis, which might cause over treatment. variations in the incidence of developmental dysplasia of the hip are well known. during six months study since september 2006 all 130...

Hypothermia among newborns is considered an important contributor to neonatal morbidity and mortality in low-resource settings. However, in these settings only limited progress has been made towards understanding the risk of mortality after hypothermia, describing how this relationship is dependent on both the degree or severity of exposure and the gestational age and weight status of the baby,...

Women in almost all modern populations live longer than men. Research to date provides evidence for both biological and social factors influencing this gender gap. Conditions when both men and women experience extremely high levels of mortality risk are unexplored sources of information. We investigate the survival of both sexes in seven populations under extreme conditions from famines, epidem...

Levels and causes of mortality in mothers and babies are intrinsically linked, occurring at the same time and often to the same mother-baby dyad, although mortality rates are substantially higher in babies. Measuring levels, trends and causes of maternal, neonatal and foetal mortality are important for understanding priority areas for interventions and tracking the success of interventions at t...

Most countries with high maternal (and newborn) mortality have very limited resources, overstretched health workers, and relatively weak systems and governance. To make important progress in reducing mortality, therefore, they need to carefully prioritize where to invest effort and funds. Given the demanding requirements to effectively implement the maternal death surveillance and response (MDS...