The conditioned fear learning and memory occurs when a neutral conditioned stimulus (CS) is paired with an aversive unconditioned stimulus (US). This process is critically dependent on the amygdala and inevitably involves blood pressure (BP) alterations. We hypothesized that BP variations could instantaneously reveal individual steps during conditioned fear learning and memory. An implanted tel...

The adipocyte hormone adiponectin is negatively correlated with obesity and insulin resistance and may exert an important antidiabetes function. In this study, primary human skeletal muscle cells were cocultured with human fat cells or incubated with adipocyte-conditioned medium in the presence or absence of the globular domain of adiponectin (gAcrp30) to analyze its capacity to restore normal ...

s identified in the databases (SciELO=75; Google scholar=9; EBSCO =312; pubMed=112; Scopus=30 (n=538) Full articles assessed for eligibility (n=208) Excluded abstracts n=10 for duplicity n=189 for subject n=30 for language n=69 lack of access to full-text n=22 book reviews n=10 editorials Full articles excluded n=118 restricted to intrauterine development n=15 Central topic of obesity n=28 No i...

The effects of the molecular weight (MW) and charge density (CD) of cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) on sludge dewatering and moisture evaporation were investigated in this study. Results indicated that in sludge conditioning, the optimum dosages were 10, 6, 6, 4, and 4 mg g(-1) CPAM with 5 million MW and 20% CD, 5 million MW and 40% CD, 3 million MW and 40% CD, 8 million MW and 40% CD, and 5 mil...

We found that development of obesity was coupled with emergence of a progressively worsening deficit in neural reward responses. Similar changes in reward homeostasis induced by cocaine or heroin are considered to be crucial in triggering the transition from casual to compulsive drug-taking. Accordingly, we detected compulsive-like feeding behavior in obese but not lean rats, measured as palata...

As computers are increasingly used to mediate social interaction, tools are needed not only to support direct communication, but also to create a richer social environment for the networked group. These include tools that provide information about the presence of others and that give the user a sense of the ongoing activities. This paper describes two ongoing research projects in this area. Col...

While the casual game market is expanding, there are increasingly few research projects and explorations about the definition of this game style. Existing definitions are contradictory and some areas, like casual game design practice, remain under-explored. Using game designers’ professional knowledge, this study aims to provide a new understanding and perspective towards definitions of casual ...

BACKGROUND Frequently eating fast food has been associated with consuming a diet high in calories, and there is a public perception that fast-casual restaurants (eg, Chipotle) are healthier than traditional fast food (eg, McDonald's). However, research has not examined whether fast-food entrées and fast-casual entrées differ in calorie content. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to deter...