Authentication for resource-constrained devices is seen as one of themajor challenges in current wireless communication networks. The HB protocol by Juels and Weis provides device authentication based on the learning parity with noise (LPN) problem and is appropriate for resource-constrained devices, but it has been shown to be vulnerable to a simple man-in-the-middle attack. Subsequent work ha...

This report explains recent developments in relay attacks on contactless smartcards and secure elements. It further reveals how these relay attacks can be applied to the Google Wallet. Finally, it gives an overview of the components and results of a successful attempt to relay an EMV Mag-Stripe transaction between a Google Wallet device and an external card emulator over a wireless network. Rev...

BACKGROUND Organ shortage remains a major challenge in transplantation medicine. The aim of this study was to analyze the public's willingness to donate organs and to observe whether increased knowledge about organ donation has an effect on the attitude toward organ donation. The study in particular tested the efficacy of using electronic communication as a means to distribute information. ME...

Near Field Communication (NFC) technology allows for the implementation of novel contactless payment systems in stationary retail. In this paper, we quantitatively analyze the impact of such systems on a retailer's payment costs on the example of real-world data from a Swiss food retailer. Our results indicate that the introduction of contactless payment under current card fee models would in v...

PURPOSE To examine the association of time spent in near work and reading with spherical equivalent refraction (SER) in a population-based sample of 12-year-old Australian schoolchildren. METHODS Data on the time spent in near-work or outdoor activities per week and estimates for the duration of continuous reading and reading distances, were collected in questionnaires (2353 participants, 75....

BACKGROUND In the past, practitioners have used distance and/or near visual acuity (VA) to calculate required magnification for low vision aids. Magnification was usually under-estimated when compared with the final magnification prescribed. Recent studies have emphasised the importance of acuity reserve in determining the required magnification for optimum reading rate. Two different approache...

Our aim is to implement a mind-reading capability in machines and artifacts. We give a formulation of mind-reading applicable to machines, emphasizing the importance of a human stance to a machine in mind-reading. Next we demonstrate how the stance a human takes can modify the recognition of intention in an object/agent, taking as examples experiments conducted by us, i.e., a moving box experim...

In a contactless transaction, when more than one card is presented to the payment terminal’s field, the terminal does not know which card to choose to proceed with the transaction. This situation is called card collision. EMV (which is the primary standard for smart card payments) specifies that the reader should not proceed when it detects a card collision and that instead it should notify the...