Motivation Drug classes constitute important information about the drugs and are critical to important use cases, such as clinical decision support (e.g., for allergy checking). Finding similar drug classes helps to identify important characteristics of drugs in different classification systems. RxClass, a web-based browser for drug classes, supports navigation between RxNorm drugs and drug cla...

Objectives: To evaluate the consistency of inferred drugclass membership relations in NDF-RT (National Drug File Reference Terminology). Methods: We use an OWL reasoner to infer the drug-class membership relations from the class definitions and the descriptions of drugs and compare them to asserted relations. Results: The inferred and asserted relations only match in about 50% of the cases. Con...

The objectives of this study were to determine how feeding diets that differed in dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentration and in vitro NDF digestibility affects dry matter (DM) intake, ruminal fermentation, and milk production in early lactation dairy cows. Twelve rumen-cannulated, multiparous Holstein cows averaging 38 +/- 15 d (+/-standard deviation) in milk, and producing 40 +/- ...

Sixty Holstein cows were assigned to two treatments at 21 d before calving and were group-fed a prepartum diet with or without yeast culture. After parturition, cows were individually fed one of five treatments for 140 d: 1) 21% forage neutral detergent fiber (NDF) without yeast culture, 2) 21% forage NDF with yeast culture, 3) 17% forage NDF without yeast culture, 4) 17% forage NDF with yeast ...

Twelve early lactation Holstein cows (4 fistulated) were used in replicated 4x4 Latin squares with 4-wk periods to determine the effective neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content of wet corn gluten feed and to measure the effect of forage particle size on ruminal mat consistency and passage rate of wet corn gluten feed. Diets were 1) 23.3% NDF (17.4 percentage units of NDF from alfalfa silage), 2...

We quanti®ed the effect of dietary non®ber carbohydrate (NFC) concentration (30, 35, 40, or 45% of DM) on in vitro digestion kinetics of neutral detergent ®ber (NDF) from alfalfa and corn silages at pH 5.8 or 6.8. The objective was to simulate the effect of diets differing in effective ®ber content on the optimal NFC-to-NDF ratio that resulted in maximal ®ber digestion. Ash-free NDF was determi...

groups, although the difference in NDF at reproductive stage was attributed to the difference in maturity. At Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentration is related to intake reproductive stage, the low-NDF groups also had lower potential of forages but might also be related to plant reaction to yield per plant than the high-NDF groups; at the vegetapathogens. Three smooth bromegrass (Bromus in...

Motivation RxNav is a browser for several drug information sources, including RxNorm, RxTerms and NDF-RT. Since its release in 2004, many features have been added over the years, including pill images and drug-drug interaction information. However, the Java Web Start framework originally used was not adaptable to an environment where web resources are increasingly used on mobile devices. In 201...