Here we tested two possible nonexclusive explanations for the maintenance of a hybrid swarm between Senecio jacobaea and Senecio aquaticus; first, that genotype-by-environment interactions involving water and nutrient clines are involved in hybrid fitness, and second, heterosis in early hybrid generations may provide an initial hybrid advantage that contributes to hybrid persistence. In three c...

Integrating natural and artificial photosynthetic platforms is an important approach to developing solar-driven hybrid systems with exceptional function over the individual components. A natural-artificial photosynthetic hybrid platform is formed by wiring photosystem II (PSII) and a platinum-decorated silicon photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell in a tandem manner based on a photocatalytic-PEC Z-sc...

The structural and catalytic similarities between modular nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and polyketide synthase (PKS) inspired us to search for hybrid NRPS PKS systems. By examining the biochemical and genetic data known to date for the biosynthesis of hybrid peptide polyketide natural products, we show (1) that the same catalytic sites are conserved between the hybrid NRPS PKS and nor...

While sexual selection is generally assumed to quickly cause or strengthen prezygotic barriers between sister species, its role in causing postzygotic isolation, through the unattractiveness of intermediate hybrids, is less often examined. Combining 24 years of pedigree data and recently developed species-specific molecular markers from collared (Ficedula albicollis) and pied (Ficedula hypoleuc...

The paper reports a 5 year old male sheep-goat interspecific hybrid born under natural conditions. The hybrid was castrated at 10 months of age. Karyotype analysis confirmed that the animal was a male and a hybrid with 57 chromosomes, an intermediate number between sheep (2n=54) and goat (2n=60). Morphological characteristics of the animal were compared with those of castrated male Tswana goats...

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 constriction and staining properties by aceto-iron-hematoxylin were analyzed for Prunus species of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.), plum (P. cerasifera Ehrh.) and a natural new hybrid known as “TANASGOL” (P. cerasifera × P. spp.). The obtained root tips from germinated seeds at 4–6 °C and young seedlings were pretreated in hydroxyquinoline solution with 50 drops of DMSO. All species had 2n=2x=16...

The automatic retrieval of syntax structure has been a longstanding goal of computer science, but one that still does not seem attainable. Two different approaches are commonly employed: 1. A method of grammatical description that is deemed adequate is implemented in a way that allows the necessary generalizations to be expressed, and at the same time is still computationally feasible. General ...