Volunteer blood donors are screened for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection by various immunoassay methods in Turkey. The risk of enzyme immunoassay (EIA) negative and positive nucleic acid amplification technology (NAT) samples is not clearly understood yet. The purpose of this study is to screen for such donors in Turkey by a comm...

Melatonin production in the pineal gland is high at night and low during the day. This rhythm reflects circadian changes in the activity of serotonin N-acetyltransferase [arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AA-NAT); EC 2.3.1.87], the penultimate enzyme in melatonin synthesis. The rhythm is generated by an endogenous circadian clock. In the chick, a clock is located in the pinealocyte, which als...

BACKGROUND Child abuse, or nonaccidental trauma (NAT), is a major cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality, and is often unrecognized. Our hypothesis was that injuries due to accidental trauma (AT) and NAT are significantly different in incidence, injury, severity, and outcome, and are often unrecognized. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to carry out an examination of the differences between pediatric...

Since IPv4 Private Networks are behind NAT (Network Address Translation) devices. So, to bypass the Binding Update and Binding Acknowledgment by NAT, we need to encapsulate it in UDP (User datagram Protocol) Packets. Hence, the Dual Stack Mobile IPv6 should support NAT Traversal and Detection. So for proper securing and fully functionality of NAT traversal, it should be IP Security Protected. P...

1733-1760 ANDREW SINCLAIR Died 25 Oct. 1760 (Ibid). 1761-1766 ROBERT WHYTE Died 15 Apr. 1766 (Ibid.) 1766-1773 JOHN GREGORY Died 9 Feb. 1773 (Dict. Nat. Biog.) 1773-1790 WILLIAM CULLEN Died 5 Feb. 1790 (Dict. Nat. Biog.) 1790-1799 JOSEPH BLACK Died 6 Dec. 1799 (Dict. Nat. Biog.) 1799-1821 JAMES GREGORY Died 2 Apr. 1821 (Dict. Nat. Biog.) 1821-1 828 ANDREW DUNCAN Died 5 July 1828 (Dict. Nat. Bio...

For a long time, traditional client-server communication was the predominant communication paradigm of the Internet. Network Address Translation devices (NAT) emerged to help with the limited availability of IP addresses and were designed with the hypothesis of asymmetric connection establishment in mind. But with the growing success of peer-to-peer applications, this assumption is no longer tr...

Non-impeding noisy-And Trees (NATs) provide a general, expressive, and efficient causal model for conditional probability tables (CPTs) in discrete Bayesian networks (BNs). A BN CPT may either be directly expressed as a NAT model or be compressed into one. Once CPTs in BNs are so expressed or compressed, complexity of inference (both space and time) can be significantly reduced. The most import...