BACKGROUND Penetrating nail-gun injuries to the head are rare, however, the incidence has been gradually rising over the last decade. While there is a large volume of case reports in the literature, there are only a few incidences of cerebrovascular injury. We present a case of a patient with a nail-gun injury to the brain, which compromised the cerebral vasculature. In this article, we present...

We hypothesised that Hansen Solubility Parameters (HSPs) can be used to predict drug-nail affinities. Our aims were to: (i) determine the HSPs (δD, δP, δH) of the nail plate, the hoof membrane (a model for the nail plate), and of the drugs terbinafine HCl, amorolfine HCl, ciclopirox olamine and efinaconazole, by measuring their swelling/solubility in organic liquids, (ii) predict nail-drug inte...

INTRODUCTION Nail biopsy is thought to be a useful technique for the diagnosis of diseases affecting the nail apparatus and may help avoid delays in the diagnosis of important mucocutaneous diseases. Furthermore, it has therapeutic value in its own right. It is not a difficult technique to perform but it requires an in-depth knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the nail unit, as well as s...

Onychodystrophy represents various pathologic processes of the nails such as infectious and noninfectious disorders including onychomycosis, psoriasis and allergic and irritant dermatitis. Nail changes may also be a clue to other dermatological or systemic diseases. But often it is difficult to establish the diagnosis as most nail changes are unspecific. The purpose of this article is to give a...

❚ Splinter hemorrhages If you said onycholysis (left) and red lunula (right), you are correct. As for the underlying diseases: The patient with onycholysis has hyperthyroidism and the patient with red lunula has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Onycholysis and red lunula are among the more common changes to the morphology (shape) and color of the nail—the 2 ways by which nail chang...

The nail matrix contains melanocytes in the epidermal basal layer, but pigment is not visible in the gross anatomy of the nail plate in Caucasians. Hyperpigmentation due to an increase in melanogenesis, and subsequently melanin pigment, in the nail may be induced by certain drugs, tumours or endocrinological diseases (1-5). The whole nail may be affected, whilst some drugs or tumours produce lo...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the use of the spectral Doppler (SDoppler) to quantify inflammatory activity and to detect nail echotextural differences in patients with psoriatic arthritis and onychomycosis. METHODS Two patients, one with psoriatic arthritis but with no joint pain nor nail clinical change and the other with onychomycosis and rheumatoid arthritis were included. The gray scale ultrasoun...