Kyllmar, K. 2004. Nitrogen Leaching in Small Agricultural Catchments Modelling and monitoring for assessing state, trends and effects of counter-measures. Doctoral thesis. ISSN 1401-6249, ISBN 91-576-6761-6. Nitrogen (N) leaching from arable land to the aquatic environment is considered a serious problem. Small agricultural monitoring catchments in Sweden were used for the application and testi...

Nitrogen (N) losses negatively impact groundwater quality. Spring wheat genotypes varying in N-fertilizer recovery were studied (by using lysimeters) for their potential to minimize NO3-N leaching during spring and summer, over a three-year period. Additionally, we examined to what extent root growth and NO3-N leaching explain the well-known difference found between apparent and isotopic N reco...

The primary mode of nitrogen (N) loss from tile-drained row-cropped land is generally nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) leaching. Although cropping, tillage, and N management practices can be altered to reduce the amount of leaching, there are limits as to how much can be done. Data are given to illustrate the potential reductions for individual practices such as rate, method, and timing of N applicatio...

Nitrate nitrogen losses through subsurface drainage and crop yield are determined by multiple climatic and management variables. The combined and interactive effects of these variables, however, are poorly understood. Our objective is to predict crop yield, nitrate concentration, drainage volume, and nitrate loss in subsurface drainage from a corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Mer...

Quasi-dynamic leaching characteristics of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) from raw and solidified air pollution control (APC) residues were examined via a nine-time multiple leaching test. The effect of injected activated carbon in the APC residues on the PCDD/F leachability was also evaluated. When humic acid solution was used as a leachant, the leaching concentra...

et al., 1982; Webster et al., 1986). Nitrogen balance research in agricultural production systems continues Fertilizer N recovery in crop production systems seldom exceeds to focus on NO3–N leaching (Jokela and Randall, 1989; 50%. Two long-term winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) experiments were selected for use of 15N to evaluate fertilizer recovery in Olson and Swallow, 1984). However, littl...

Proper N fertilizer and irrigation management can reduce nitrate leaching while maintaining crop yield, which is critical to enhance the sustainability of vegetable production on soils with poor water and nutrient-holding capacities. This study evaluated different methods to measure nitrate leaching in mulched drip-irrigated zucchini, pepper, and tomato production systems. Fertigation rates wer...

Present production of rice is far below its reported potential yield because of being Ndeficiency, the major constraint. Because of poverty, small farmers have to rely on native soil N-supply. Between wheat harvest and rice transplanting, a dry-to-wet season transition (DWT) period exist with changing soil moisture from aerobic to anaerobic and a large amount of native soil N loss is hypothesiz...

The continuous evolvement of dairy industry in countries like New Zealand, with increased dairy conversions and intensification, has resulted in remarkable economic development, though at the cost of environmental degradation. The increasing use of nitrogen fertilizers to sustain increasing number of cows has increased the risk of enhanced nitrate leaching and methane and nitrous oxide emission...

The availability of Haber-Bosch nitrogen (N) has permitted agricultural intensification and increased the productive capacity of agroecosystems; however, approximately 50% of this applied fertilizer N is lost from agricultural landscapes. Extensive efforts have been devoted to improving the N use efficiency of these systems. Diversified crop rotations using cover crops to provide a variety of e...