the renowned proverb “shāhnāma axarash xoš ast” has implicit question which its answer may change our understanding of the nature and function of shāhnāma. the end of shāhnāma contains numerous tragic events in sassanid age. also it does not seem to be normal if the iranians have deemed the bitter adventure of the shahs and pahlavāns as a happy ending like what firdausi narrates at the end of h...