The neck is often used to study postural and locomotor behaviors across primates. Partially due the complexity of this 3D system, there has not yet been a quantitative comparative nuchal muscle function. In study, we applied innovative methods visualize, quantify, compare epaxial muscles among primate taxa characterize relationship between trunk posture, extreme head turning behaviors, forelimb...

U NTIL recently, very little had been published on the myology of the cranes. Fisher and Goodman (1955) d escribed in detail the myology of the Whooping Crane (Grus americana) ; they also dissected one Little Brown Crane (G. c. canadensis) . I began a myological study of the Sandhill Crane (G. canadensis tabida) at the suggestion of Dr. L. H. Walkinshaw, whose interest in the biology and taxono...

the head bones and relevant muscles are important elements composing the feeding and respiration apparatus and can be considered as highly important structures for giving rise to evolutionary specializations. the eels of the anguilloidei is a diverse group and structural diversity in their cranial musculoskeletal system is thus to be expected. ariosoma gilberti is a member of bathymyrinae (cong...

1Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy 2IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy 3National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-8022, USA 4Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council (CNR), 00133 Rome, Italy 5Stem Cell Metabolism & Regenerative Medicine Group, Ba...

1 Institute Charles Delaunay, FRE CNRS 2848, University of Technology of Troyes, 10000 Troyes, France 2UMR LORIA 7503, Université de Nancy, CNRS-INRIA, Campus Scientifique, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France 3 Institut régional de Réadaptation, Faculté de medicine, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54500 Vandoeuvre, France 4Neuromuscular Physiology Laboratory, Institut of Myology, G...

An experimental protocol model for frenulum evaluation was first designed, and administered to ten infants in 2010. After obtaining the data and statistical analysis, the protocol was re-designed and administered to 100 infants. The aim of this study is to present an efficient and effective lingual frenulum protocol with scores for infants. From the experimental protocol model, a new protocol w...