PURPOSE To quantify the fat in the levator muscle of patients with congenital ptosis, as related to clinical and epidemiological aspects of this disease. METHODS Twenty-two levator muscle samples of the superior eyelid from patients with congenital ptosis were morphometrically evaluated with aim of establishing a relationship between the fat quantity and age, sex, ptosis degree and levator mu...

To analyse the effect of congenital unilateral ptosis on the ocular higher order aberrations (HOA) and to compare these eyes with normal fellow eyes this study has been performed. In this observational comparative case series, 16 eyes of 16 patients less than 15 years old with congenital unilateral upper eyelid ptosis were included. Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), corneal topography, o...

  Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease that affects brain and spinal cord. The infratentorial region contains the cerebellum and brainstem. Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) are short-latency myogenic responses. Cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) is a manifestation of vestibulocolic reflex and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic pote...

INTRODUCTION Several factors may influence aesthetic outcomes of ptosis surgery, especially in patients with asymmetrical ptosis. We retrospectively assessed the effect of Hering's law on surgical outcomes of patients with asymmetrical ptosis. METHODS Patients with mild to moderate asymmetrical ptosis (N = 300) who underwent advancement or plication of upper eyelid aponeurosis between January...

     Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating, neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) of unknown etiology. Isolated oculomotor nerve palsy is found rarely in children with MS. We present a case of MS in 10-year-old boy, who had bilateral ptosis associated with medial gaze restriction. The extraocular muscle examination demonstrated bilateral adduction pa...

I read the recent article by Basu et al(1) with a great interest. The authors described an interesting case of ocular cysticercosis manifesting with ptosis. Indeed, ocular cysticercosis is not a rare disease in the developing countries, and ptosis due to cysticercosis is sporadically reported. Sekhar et al reported that subconjunctival cyst might be related to ptosis and suggested that the surg...

Treating unilateral ptosis can be challenging and a proper preoperative evaluation may help prevent unexpected outcomes on the contralateral lid. Preoperative evaluation should include testing for Hering's law, which remains useful in understanding the phenomenon of induced contralateral eyelid retraction in the context of ptosis. Approximately 10% to 20% of patients with unilateral ptosis have...

purpose: to evaluate the clinical findings and surgical management of patients with congenital unilateral double elevator palsy (dep) or monocular elevation deficiency (med) methods: in a non-comparative interventional case series, 27 consecutive cases of dep were studied. hypotropia, elevation deficiency, and pseudoptosis were corrected by knapp or callahan procedure with or without inferior r...