myo-Inositol and its derivatives are commonly studied with respect to cell signaling and membrane biogenesis, but they also participate in responses to salinity in animals and plants. In this study, we focused on L-myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase (INPS), which commits carbon to de novo synthesis, and myo-inositol O-methyltransferase (IMT), which uses myo-inositol for stress-induced accumulati...

Chirality, Hydrogen Transfer, myo-Inositol Dehydrogenase. The chirality of the hydrogen transfer to NAD catalyzed by myo-inositol dehydrogenase (myo-Inositol: NAD 2-oxydoreductase, EC 1.1.1.18) from Klebsiella pneumoniae (formerly classified taxonomically as Aerobacter aerogenes or Kleb siella aerogenes) was investigated. [4-3H] NAD was enzymatically reduced to [4-3H] NADH with non-labeled myoi...

Over the past few decades, the use of inositol(s) in the clinical practice is attracting ever-growing interest. After successfully launching the special issue of “Inositol(s) from Bench to Bedside in Endocrinology and Gynecology”, we introduce this new special issue on Update on Inositol(s). Inositol is a polyol naturally occurring in fruits, beans, grains, nuts as well as animals. The most com...

Incubation of mature sweet corn kernels of Zea mays in dilute solutions of (14)C-labeled indole-3-acetic acid leads to the formation of (14)C-labeled esters of myo-inositol, glucose, and glucans. Utilizing this knowledge it was found that an enzyme preparation from immature sweet corn kernels of Zea mays catalyzed the CoA- and ATP-dependent esterification of indole-3-acetic acid to myo-inositol...

Nerve conduction impairment in experimental diabetes has been empirically but not mechanistically linked to altered nerve myo-inositol metabolism. The phospholipid-dependent membrane-bound sodium-potassium ATPase provides a potential mechanism to relate defects in diabetic peripheral nerve myo-inositol-phospholipid metabolism, impulse conduction, and energy utilization. Therefore, the effect of...

Although numerous bacteria possess genes annotated iol in their genomes, there have been very few studies on the possibly associated myo-inositol metabolism and its significance for the cell. We found that Corynebacterium glutamicum utilizes myo-inositol as a carbon and energy source, enabling proliferation with a high maximum rate of 0.35 h-1. Whole-genome DNA microarray analysis revealed that...

The Vmax of myo-inositol transport increased 3-fold during epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced growth and thyroid-stimulating hormone. (TSH)-induced differentiation in primary cultures of sheep and human thyrocytes. The Km remained unaltered. This up-regulation required the presence of insulin. The TSH-induced rise in myo-inositol transport commenced 8 to 16 h after the initial stimulus and a...

Phytic acid, also known as myo-inositol hexaphosphate, has been shown to lower blood glucose levels and to improve insulin sensitivity in rodents. We investigated the effects of phytic acid and myo-inositol on differentiation, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, and lipolysis of adipocytes to test the hypothesis that the antidiabetic properties of phytic acid and myo-inositol are mediated direct...

Preparations of 6-phytase A (EC 3.1.3.26) and phytase B (acid phosphatase, EC 3.1.3.2) were applied alone and combined in the preparation of dough to estimate their catalytic potential for myo-inositol liberation from rye flour in the breadmaking technology. The experimental bread samples were ground after baking and subjected to determination of myo-inositol bioavailability by an in vitro meth...

Inositol is a physiological compound belonging to the sugar family. The two inositol stereoisomers, myo-inositol and D-chiroinositol are the two main stereisomers present in our body. Myo-inositol is the precursor of inositol triphosphate, a second messenger regulating many hormones such as TSH, FSH and insulin. D-chiroinositol is synthetized by an insulin dependent epimerase that converts myo-...