The morphology of two soil-borne Verticillium species, V. dahliae and V. tricorpus, was studied on two semi-selective agar media, in the absence and presence of soil. Morphology of the fungi differed considerably between the media, with respect to presence and shape of microsclerotia, dark hyphae (i.e. short melanised hyphae attached to the microsclerotia) and dark mycelium (i.e. melanised myce...

Functional compartmentation of the extramatrical mycelium of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi is considered important for the operation of ECM associations, although the molecular basis is poorly characterized. Global gene expression profiles of mycelium colonizing an ammonium sulphate ((NH4)2SO4) nutrient patch, rhizomorphs and ECM root tips of the Betula pendula-Paxillus involutus association were...

This study investigates the biological activity of two cationic gemini surfactants, hexamethylene-1,6-bis-(N,N-dimethyl-N-dodecylammonium bromide) C6 and pentamethylene-1,5-bis-(N,N-dimethyl-N-dodecyla,.mmonium bromide) C5, and their two neutral analogs, hexamethylene-1,6-bis-(N-methyl-N-dodecylamine) (A6) and pentamethylene-1,5-bis-(N-methyl-N-dodecylamine) (A5). Experiments were performed wit...

Streptomycetes are very important industrial bacteria, which produce two thirds of all clinically relevant secondary metabolites. They have a complex developmental-cycle in which an early compartmentalized mycelium (MI) differentiates to a multinucleated mycelium (MII) that grows inside the culture medium (substrate mycelium) until it starts to growth into the air (aerial mycelium) and ends up ...

Sophorose (2-O-beta-glucopyranosyl-D-glucose) induces carboxymethyl cellulase in Trichoderma reesei QM6a mycelium with 1.5 to 2 h. The induction response to sophorose concentration, although complicated by the metabolism of sophorose, shows saturation kinetics. Most of the cellulase appears after most of the sophorose has been taken up, but the presence of an inducer is required to maintain cel...

Lentinula edodes (Shiitake mushroom) is a common edible mushroom that has high nutritional and medical value. Although a number of genes involved in the fruit of the species have been identified, little is known about the process of differentiation from dikaryotic mycelium to primordium. In this study, serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) was applied to determine the gene expression profil...

The arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) brings together the roots of over 80% of land plant species and fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota and greatly benefits plants through improved uptake of mineral nutrients. AM fungi can take up both nitrate and ammonium from the soil and transfer nitrogen (N) to host roots in nutritionally substantial quantities. The current model of N handling in the AM symbiosis ...

The objective of this study was to improve the seed production Volvariellavolvaceain Daloa(central-west Cote dIvoire). Tissue fragments were cultured on PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar)medium for mycelium. Once mycelium obtained, it inoculated into jars containing pre-cooked cereals (maize, sorghum) and legumes sterilized (at 121°C). When are completely covered with mycelium, different parameters me...

Respectively, exogenous pamamycin-607 and A-factor restored or stimulated aerial mycelium formation in 30 (67%) and 6 (13%) of 45 Streptomyces strains, and both restored or stimulated it in 5 strains (11%). Pamamycin-607 production was detected in 3 of those strains that responded to pamamycin-607. These findings indicate that pamamycin-607 acts on the common regulatory system for aerial myceli...

Two endothelin (ET)-binding inhibitors, BE-18257A and BE-18257B, which antagonized 125I-ET-1 binding to a porcine aortic smooth muscle membrane, were isolated from the mycelium of a strain of Streptomyces misakiensis. These binding inhibitors were extracted with methanol from mycelium and purified by HPLC.