Black farmers in America have had a long and arduous struggle to own land and to operate independently. For more than a century after the Civil War, deficient civil rights and various economic and social barriers were applied to maintaining a system where many blacks worked as farm operators with a limited and often total lack of opportunity to achieve ownership and operating independence. Dimi...

Over the years since their meager beginnings, agribusiness cooperatives in the U.S. have compiled a checkered history of both praise and condemnation. Some observers have argued that cooperatives no longer communicate with, nor represent the best interests of their farmer members. Some critics suggest that cooperatives have stymied, or at least diffused, free market transactions in the agricult...

Black farmers in America have had a long and arduous struggle to own land and to operate independently. For more than a century after the Civil War, deficient civil rights and various economic and social barriers were applied to maintaining a system where many blacks worked as farm operators with a limited and often total lack of opportunity to achieve ownership and operating independence. Dimi...

The future of energy generation is expected to become increasingly decentralized. Today, many customers are already more than demand units, they also act as energy producers (prosumers) and thus active participants in the energy market. The development of energy cooperatives in recent years undermines this observation. Information and communication technologies (ICT) enable management of energy...

Fadil, M., Farah, A., Haloui, T., Rachiq, S. Diagnosis of the aromatic and medicinal plant sector in Morocco: Case of the cooperatives and associations of the Meknès-Tafilalt area. Lazaroa 35: 155-165 (2014). The cooperatives and associations in the medicinal and aromatic plant (MAP) sector are completely dependent on the pressure of market demand, and their products need to comply with require...

If consumers wholly or partially control a firm with market power they will charge less than the profit maximizing price. Starting at the usual monopoly price, a small price reduction will have a second order effect on profits but a first order effect on consumer surplus. Despite this desirable static result, it has been argued that cooperatives are vulnerable to take-over by outsiders who will...

BACKGROUND The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) launched the EvidenceNOW Initiative to rapidly disseminate and implement evidence-based cardiovascular disease (CVD) preventive care in smaller primary care practices. AHRQ funded eight grantees (seven regional Cooperatives and one independent national evaluation) to participate in EvidenceNOW. The national evaluation examines qua...

The Asian and Pacific region is home for over 60 percent of the world’s population and more than 70 percent of the region’s population lives in rural areas and primarily involved in agriculture. Integrating and empowering rural women by promoting women’s entrepreneurship in green cooperatives has been recognized as an important approach to alleviate rural poverty and enhancing sustainable rural...

Several definitions of diversification exist. Such motivation for diversification could apply Typically, the concept is dynamic and refers to-the equally to proprietary or cooperative forms of relationship among various activities or enterprises in business. which the firm is engaged. As new activities are The purpose of this paper is to quantitatively acquired by a firm from some existing base...

Various models of organization for networks of financial cooperatives are found around the world. The current situation, especially in terms of quality of governance, outreach and efficiency, appears to have been influenced significantly by the importance placed on the type of network organization chosen in the past. For example, European federated networks of financial cooperatives present cer...