The study of the maximum and minimal characteristics graphs is focus significant field mathematics known as extreme graph theory. Finding biggest or smallest that meet specified criteria main goal this discipline. There are several applications extremal theory in various fields, including computer science, physics, chemistry. Some important include: Computer networking, social chemistry physics...

‎The first multiplicative Zagreb index $Pi_1(G)$ is equal to the‎ ‎product of squares of the degree of the vertices and the second‎ ‎multiplicative Zagreb index $Pi_2(G)$ is equal to the product of‎ ‎the products of the degree of pairs of adjacent vertices of the‎ ‎underlying molecular graphs $G$‎. ‎Also‎, ‎the multiplicative sum Zagreb index $Pi_3(G)$ is equal to the product of‎ ‎the sum...

background: for psychiatric disorders, comorbidity is a rule rather than exception. thus it is particularly important to study additive and multiplicative effects of multiple mental disorders on suicidal behaviors. objectives: the aim of this study was to investigate the ethnic differences in multiplicative effects of mental disorders on suicidal ideation among black adults in the united states...

Abstract. The equivalence of the characteristic function approach and the probabilistic approach to monotone and boolean convolutions is proven for non-compactly supported probability measures. A probabilistically motivated definition of the multiplicative boolean convolution of probability measures on the positive half-line is proposed. Unlike Bercovici’s multiplicative boolean convolution it ...

We propose new models to segment images corrupted by additive or multiplicative noise, in a variational level set approach. In the additive case, we decompose the data into the sum . Here, is a piecewise-constant component, capturing edges and discontinuities, and it is modeled in a level set approach, while is a smooth component, capturing the intensity inhomogeneities. The additive noise is r...