Using a rich panel data set, we provide a rigorous analysis of the relationship between access to external finance, foreign direct investment and the exports of private enterprises in China. We conclude that, in order to foster the exports of indigenous enterprises, the elimination of financial discrimination against private firms is likely to be a more effective policy tool than the reliance o...

This study examines the impact of employee perceptions of training on organizational commitment, and the latter‟s relationship with turnover intentions. Structured equation modelling is conducted on survey data from 437 Chinese employees of five multinational enterprises operating in the Chinese service sector. The results of the survey are consistent with social exchange theory. They highlight...

The touchstone for this volume is the work of Edward Safarian, widely recognized as the ‘Dean’ of Canada’s scholars who study foreign direct investment (FDI) and multinational enterprises (MNEs). A professor at the University of Toronto since 1966, Safarian has been President of the Canadian Economics Association (1977–78) and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada since 1973. From his pioneer...

We examine the importance of societal embeddedness and universal contingencies in the organizational practices at the international level of multinational enterprises, based on a study comparing European (Finnish, French, German, Dutch, Swiss, Swedish, British), American and Japanese multinational enterprises. Although multinationals are highly internationalized by definition, our study shows t...

The Southern Common Market (mercosur), widely recognized as one of the most advanced regional integration schemes worldwide, is increasingly attractive to multinational enterprises and also very active in outward investments, despite persistent innovation and competitiveness gaps. In this paper we analyse internationalization and technology trends in mercosur in relation to trade, the activitie...

Are firms born Global? Because knowledge spillovers that lead to new venture creation are geographically constrained we believe that firms are born local. It follows that the decision to create sustainable new ventures is independent from the decision to internationalize, even if that is the ultimate goal of the firm. We explore two avenues to internationalize new ventures, a direct path descri...

In the light of rapid development of technology/knowledge intensive firms arising from the emerging economy of China in recent time, this paper is aimed at developing an analytical framework, based on the institutional theory and resource-based view, to evaluate the drivers and antecedents of technology innovation among Chinese emerging multinational enterprises (MNEs). Use of case study approa...

Multinational corporations (enterprises) are usually considered a group of companies operating in many countries or several continents but managed from one country. Multinational corporations engaged in direct foreign investment in the target countries. In general, multinational companies can be categorized into four corporation types: firstly, a decentralized corporation which is very strong i...