A proper understanding of factors affecting evaporation and drift losses in sprinkle irrigation is important for developing water conservation strategies. For estimating drift and evaporation losses during the set sprinkler irrigation event, several outdoor single-sprinkler and block irrigation tests have been conducted. Various sprinkler±nozzle±riser height combinations were used and the varia...

Over the past few decades, several models of heat and mass transfer have been based on assumption homogeneous thickness (or absence) enclosed air layer contradicting real-life scenario skin-clothing-environment system. To address this research gap, in study, comprehensive model for was developed which considers thermal phenomena such as evaporation, condensation, effect liquid moisture insulati...

Abstract This work presents computational models of ingot evaporation for electron-beam physical vapour deposition (EB-PVD) that can be applied to the and development thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). TBCs are insulating protect aero-engine components from high temperatures, which above component’s melting point. The advanced is fuelled by need improve engine efficiency increasing operating temp...

Seals have adapted to the high heat transfer coefficient in the aquatic environment by effective thermal insulation of the body core. While swimming and diving, excess metabolic heat is supposed to be dissipated mainly over the sparsely insulated body appendages, whereas the location of main heat sinks in hauled-out seals remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate thermal windows on the trunk of har...

Vapor compression heat pump is an important aerospace thermal control means to lunar probe program and deep space exploration. Compressors are the most important component in vapor compression heat pump systems. Microgravity environment has a great impact on system performance. The paper tests the gravity independence of compressor performance, and evaluates the performance of compressor and he...

To cope with the progressive tightening of the emission regulations, gasoline and diesel engines will continuously require highly improved exhaust after-treatment systems. In the case of diesel engines, the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) appears as one of the widely adopted technologies to reduce NOx (nitrogen oxides) emissions. Thereby, with the help of available heat from exhaust gas, th...

In this study, hydrofluoroolefin R515B was used rather than hydrofluorocarbon R134a to perform energetic, exergetic, environmental and enviroeconomic analyses on vapor-compression refrigeration systems with internal heat exchangers. The exergy efficiency, destruction, coefficient of performance for cooling mode (COP) were studied. EES (Engineering Equation Solver) program employed thermodynamic...

This paper presents the analysis results of R429A, R430A, R431A and R435A as drop in substitute for R152a at various evaporating temperature with condenser temperature 30°C, 40°C and 50°C. A theoretical study of thermodynamic properties such as pressure, density, and specific volume, latent heat of vaporization compression index, and critical values are done. The theoretical performance of vapo...

Abstract A mathematical model for the quasi-steady evaporation of a thin liquid droplet on a thin substrate that incorporates the dependence of the saturation concentration of vapour at the free surface of the droplet on temperature is used to examine an atypical situation in which the substrate has a high thermal resistance relative to the droplet (i.e. it is highly insulating and/or is thick ...