background the dilution and rapid elimination of topically applied drugs due to the flushing action of saliva is a major difficulty in the effort to eradicate infections of oral cavity. utilization a proper delivery system for incorporation of drugs has a major impact on drug delivery and such a system should be formulated for prolonged drug retention in oral cavity. objectives the aim of the p...

background: the airway surface liquid (asl), which is a fluid layer coating the interior epithelial surface of the bronchi and bronchiolesis, plays an important defensive role against foreign particles and chemicals entering lungs. objective: numerical investigation has been employed to solve two-layer model consisting of mucus layer as a viscoelastic fluid and periciliary liquid layer as a newt...

Epidermolysis bullosa is a rare inherited muco-cutaneous disorder that sometimes presentes with genitourinary involvement. Herein we report the case of an 11-year-old girl with a history of junctional epidermolysis bullosa who was admitted with urological symptoms. On cystoscopy, suspected bullous bladder lesions were observed. Mesonephroid, intestinal and squamous metaplasia is reported here f...

Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome is a disease characterized by a collapse of the pharyngeal airway resulting in repeated episodes of airflow cessation, oxygen desaturation, and sleep disruption. It is a common disorder affecting at least 2-4% of the adult population. The role of nasal resistance in the pathogenesis of sleep disordered breathing and sleep apnoea has not been completely clarifie...

Background Recent data show that almost 75% of HIV patients have muco-cutaneous diseases, the proportion of patients with dermatoses being inversely proportional to the CD4 + and directly proportional to the stage of disease. Papulo-pustular eruption is the most common pruritic dermatosis in patients with HIV infection, followed by seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, molluscum contagiosum and dru...