Modular and reconfigurable robots (MRRs) represent the next generation of industrial manipulators that can cope with the rapid changes of product design and manufacturing. This paper introduces a novel MRR mechanical design strategy. The MRR is composed of modular joints and links. Each modular joint has four physical connection ports, so that it can be constructed as either a rotational joint ...

cordingly, slowing of the maximum relaxation rate (MRR) of inspiratory muscles during short and sharp sniffs is considered to be an index of inspiratory muscle fatigue [5] . Sniff MRR is commonly calculated from esophageal pressure traces; however, a non-invasive and reliable measure of inspiratory muscle MRR can be obtained by measuring sniff nasal pressure [6] . This non-invasive technique ha...

The median raphe region (MRR) is believed to control the fear circuitry indirectly, by influencing the encoding and retrieval of fear memories by amygdala, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Here we show that in addition to this established role, MRR stimulation may alone elicit the emergence of remote but not recent fear memories. We substituted electric shocks with optic stimulation of MRR in...

BACKGROUND We hypothesize that mortality risk profile of participants and nonparticipants in nonrandomized lung cancer (LC) screening of smokers may be different. METHODS In 1997, a population-based cohort of 5815 smokers of Varese Province was invited to nonrandomized LC screening by annual chest x-ray examination for 4 years. LC risk factors and screening participation rate were recorded. E...

In the present research work, effect of several process parameters on the machining characteristics of borosilicate glass has been reported. The machining characteristics that are being investigated are material removal rate (MRR) and tool wear rate (TWR). Four different process parameters were considered for this study power rating of the machine, static load, slurry concentration and abrasive...

CONTEXT Self-myofascial release (SMR) is a technique used to treat myofascial restrictions and restore soft-tissue extensibility. PURPOSE To determine whether the pressure and contact area on the lateral thigh differ between a Multilevel rigid roller (MRR) and a Bio-Foam roller (BFR) for participants performing SMR. PARTICIPANTS Ten healthy young men and women. METHODS Participants perfor...

ARTICLE HISTORY: Received 15 February 2015 Revised 10 April 2015 Accepted 14 April 2015 In this paper, effects of the structural parameters on the optical characteristics of an add-drop filter, consisting of two straight waveguides and a micro-ring resonator (MRR), have been investigated. In this research, effects of MRR radius, the width of MRR and waveguide and the gap between MRR and wavegui...

The dynamic MRR control is the goal to optimize machining operations in the CNC machining systems. The concentration on the minimum-cost machining control with material removal rate (MRR) grows up in the computer-based machining industry. In this paper, the mathematical modeling with dynamic MRR control to minimize the machining cost as well as schedule the due-dates for multiple machining proj...

Purpose: Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MR Renography (MRR) has the potential to provide useful renal functional information to evaluate renal diseases, especially the diffuse renal disease. The MRR is obtained along with dynamic renal perfusion after administration of an intravenous bolus of gadopentetate dimeglumine, and thus has an advantage of noninvasive examination [1]. However, generation of ...

A formation optical range and attitude sensor is being developed that uses a laser beam source and a modulated retro-reflector (MRR) target to measure distances between a few meters and a few kilometers with sub-millimeter resolution. Data extracted from multiple MRR targets on a single spacecraft will also provide arcminute-accuracy attitude information with over a ±10-deg field of view. Infor...