Monthly composites of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Indices (NDVI), derived from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVILRR), were transformed linearly into monthly evaporation rates and compared with detailed hydrologic-model simulation results for five watersheds across the United States. Model-simulated monthly evapora...

By delivering monthly maps of the gravity field, the GRACE project allows the determination of tiny time-variations of the Earth gravity and particularly the effects of fluid mass redistributions at the surface of the Earth. However, GRACE data represent vertically integrated gravity measurements, thus are the sum of all mass redistributions inside the Earth system (atmosphere, oceans and conti...

Three evapotranspiration models using the complementary relationship approach for estimating areal actual evapotranspiration were evaluated and compared in three study regions representing a large geographic and climatic diversity: NOPEX region in Central Sweden (cool temperate, humid), Baixi catchment in Eastern China (subtropical, humid), and the Potamos tou Pyrgou River catchment in Northwes...

Quantitative assessment of the frequency and magnitude drought events plays an important role in preventing disasters ensuring water security river basins. In this paper, we modified a parsimonious two-parameter monthly balance (TPMWB) model by incorporating generalized proportionality hypothesis with precipitation potential evapotranspiration as input variables. The TPMWB was then used to simu...

Spatial rainfall is a key input to Distributed Hydrological Models, which is the most important limitation for the accuracy of hydrological models. Model performance and uncertainty could increase when rain gauge is sparse. Satellite-based precipitation products would be an alternative to ground-based rainfall estimates in present and 5 the foreseeable future, however, it is necessary to evalua...

The current study presents the design features and photovoltaic requirements of a floating photovoltaic plant (FPVP) whose purpose is to reduce the evaporation from the surface of a water reservoir while generating electricity. A summary of the energy budget method is also introduced to calculate the rate of evaporation from the water reservoir behind 15-Khordad dam. The top of the reservoi...

Increases in timber demand and urban development in the Atlantic Coastal Plain over the past decade have motivated studies on the hydrology, water quality, and sustainable management of coastal plain watersheds. However, studies on baseline water budgets are limited for the low-lying, forested watersheds of the Atlantic Coastal Plain. The purpose of this study was to document the hydrology and ...