This article uses seasonal integration and co integration techniques to test the hypothesis of neutrality of money, using data from the Iranian economy. Seasonal data for the three variables of money supply, output and prices show that (increase in) money supply and the price level are co integrated at zero frequency, but one does not see such a relationship between (increase in) money supply a...

Nowadays, money is one of the familiar talks worldwide, and also money is inseparable among the people in tradition. But money suffers from lack of security through money laundering, counterfeits, privacy protection and speediness in currency counts. Thus, to have these securities in money an application of RFID is a banknote attached a tag to determine the authenticity of money and to stop cou...

Money is a technology for promoting economic prosperity. Over history money has become increasingly abstract, it used to be hardware, gold coins and the like, now it is mostly software, data structures located in banks. This datamoney is passive and requires computer programs for manipulation, these programs create money, add/remove money from accounts, transfer money in sales transactions, pro...

Persons who handle money for patients with mental disabilities often use access to funds as leverage to promote adherence to treatment. Drawing on data from a five-site study involving interviews of 1011 patients at community mental health centers, this paper explores who provides money assistance, the predictors of leverage use, and its impact on patients. A substantial minority of patients re...

Recent work on Ancient Greece sheds light on the origins of money and its effects on economy and society. This review essay analyses such work and relates it to themes familiar to economists. It examines monetary functions in the heroic world and the effects of introducing coinage in Classical Athens. It attends to the role of the state in the development of money and to the form which money to...

Recently, in order to explore the mechanism behind wealth or income distribution, several models have been proposed by applying principles of statistical mechanics. These models share some characteristics, such as consisting of a group of individual agents, a pile of money and a specific trading rule. Whatever the trading rule is, the most noteworthy fact is that money is always transferred fro...

This paper provides a critical review of the demand for money estimation. In doing so, first we explain the main effective factors on the demand for money on the light of monetarists, which those are: transaction demand for money and opportunity cost of holding money. Then I have done a short report about the existing studies on the demand for money in the Iranian economy and have a special att...

Bangladesh Post Office introduced the Electronic Money Transfer System (EMTS), a mobile payment support service similar to Kenya’s M-PESA, to helps citizens send money orders quickly and safely. EMTS data show dramatic increase in electronic money order issuance, amount remitted, and amount of commission that outnumbered corresponding figures of ordinary money orders. Also EMTS shortened the av...