Abstract How was Persian literature disciplinized in the twentieth century? This article addresses this question by focusing on twentieth-century Afghanistan and outlining sociohistorical processes that helped to transform scholarly literary production into a social enterprise. A major outcome of these underexamined making Dāʾerat ol-maʿāref-e Āryānā (1949–79) Kabul, first modern encyclopedia p...

This article deciphers and analyzes a  previously unknown Sassanian mint location represented by the inscription WLČ., based on the analysis of a Middle Persian inscription found in Persepolis, and on the linguistic changes that occurred during the transition to modern Persian. Evidence is presented to show that this previously unknown Sassanian mint designation corresponds to the modern-day ci...

lent discharges and it is further added, that ?' in the male this is frequently attended with an inflammation of the testicle, .and in some cases is followed by symptoms referable to the joints and eye." Though in the present day this primary affection of the generative organs has the popular name of Sozdk, and the same name is given to it by the learned writers in Persian or Urdu, such a disea...

Modern Persian permits coda clusters, many of which violate the Sonority Sequencing Principle. In a syllable counting task, Persian speakers consistently perceived clusters in CVCC target items as monosyllabic, whereas English speakers generally perceived clusters existing in English as monosyllabic but those not existing in English as bi-syllabic. Moreover, the latter were perceived as monosyl...

this study investigates the conceptual metaphors of happiness in a representative corpus of modern persian. making use of persian linguistic database, we sampled a corpus of contemporary written texts, to represent modern colloquial persian; then we tried to extract the relevant conceptual metaphors of happiness. the sample corpus contains 14 texts written by contemporary iranian writers. analy...